基于POI的城市餐饮供给空间异质性研究--以青岛市为例

Spatial Heterogeneity of Urban Food and Beverage Supply Based on POI:Taking Qingdao City as an Example

餐饮是城市旅游的核心要素之一,本文基于青岛市餐饮POI(point of interest)、人口密度、交通站点等数据,运用核密度分析、平均最近邻等分析方法,从不同维度对青岛市餐饮业的空间分布模式和集聚状态进行了探查,探讨了其空间异质性的主要驱动因素。研究结果如下。(1)青岛市各类餐饮业空间分布不均衡,中心城区连片分布,形成“一主四副”的多中心发展格局。不同类型餐饮设施空间分布趋势差异明显:中餐厅高度集中分布于市南区、市北区及其交界处,呈现连片分布的特点;外国餐厅高度集中分布于市南区东部、城阳区北部,总体形成“两主三副”的空间发展格局;快餐厅高密度区集中于市南区与市北区连接形成椭圆状区域及李沧区南部,呈连片分布。(2)青岛市餐饮业空间异质性主要受人口、经济、交通、城市基础设施、旅游资源五类要素影响,人口规模越大、交通越便捷、城市基础设施越好,餐饮业的分布越密集。

Catering is one of the core elements of urban tourism.Based on the data of Qingdao s catering POI,population density,and transportation stations,the spatial distribution pattern and agglomeration status of Qingdao s catering industry were explored from different dimensions by applying analytical methods such as average nearest neighbor and kernel density analysis,and the main driving factors for its spatial heterogeneity were explored.The results are as follows.(1)The spatial distribution of various types of catering facilities in Qingdao is not balanced,presenting a block-like aggregation and multi-center development pattern,and the spatial heterogeneity is more prominent.There are obvious differences in the spatial distribution trends of different types of catering facilities:Chinese restaurants are highly concentrated in the streets of Shinan District,Shibei District,where local residents live and colleges and universities are located;foreign restaurants are mainly located in commercial centers of Shinan District,Shibei District,A-level scenic spots and Chengyang Street of Chengyang District;and fast food restaurants are mainly clustered in the office buildings of Shinan District,the periphery of some scenic spots and the subway hubs of Licang District.(2)The spatial heterogeneity of Qingdao s catering industry is mainly affected by five types of factors:population,economy,transportation,urban infrastructure,and tourism resources;the larger the population size,the more convenient the transportation,and the better the urban infrastructure,the denser the distribution of catering industry.