湖北江陵县地表水总磷及其影响因素

Phosphorus Concentration in Surface Water and its Main Influencing Factors in Jiangling County,Hubei Province

洪湖水质恶化是当前重要的生态环境问题,江陵县地处洪湖流域上游,其地表水水质好坏直接影响洪湖水质。本研究通过收集江陵县地表水2018—2023年监测数据,分析和评估江陵县地表水质总磷浓度变化趋势。结果表明:江陵县河渠水质呈现先向好态势后有恶化的趋势,2019年、2020年、2021年、2022年9月和2023年5月河渠水体总磷Ⅱ~Ⅲ类水质分别占62%、60%、76%、96%和67%。湖泊水体磷浓度呈降低趋势,从2018年的Ⅳ~Ⅴ类水逐渐好转为Ⅲ~Ⅳ类,甚至个别湖泊提升到Ⅱ类。相关性分析表明河渠磷浓度与人口密度和企业数量存在显著正相关关系,以及农业面源污染明显影响水体磷浓度。建议进一步加强工业污水、城乡生活污水和农业面源污染源的生态治理和整治,并加强湖泊水生动植物和滨岸带植被的生态修复,为洪湖流域水生态环境治理保护提供重要技术保障。

At present,the water quality of Honghu Lake is the most important ecological environment problem.Jiangling County,as the upstream of Honghu lake Basin,the surface water quality of Jiangling County directly affects the water quality of Honghu Lake.This paper analyzes and evaluates the change trend of total phosphorus concentration of surface water in Jiangling County by collecting data from rivers,lakes and channels in 2018-2023 year.The results show that the water quality of river and channels water in Jiangling County has occurred an increases at first and then decreases.TheⅡ-Ⅲof water quality grades was accounted for 62%,60%,76%,96%and 67%in 2019,2020,2021,September 2022 and May 2023,respectively.The concentration of total phosphorus in lake water showed a decreasing trend,which gradually improved from ClassⅣto ClassⅤin 2018 to classⅢto class IV,and even increased to classⅡin some lakes.Correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive correlation between phosphorus concentration and population density and number of enterprises,and agricultural non-point source pollution also significantly affected phosphorus concentration in water bodies.It is suggested to further strengthen the ecological treatment and regulation of industrial sewages,urban domestic sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution sources,and strengthen the ecological restoration of wildlife and plants in lake wetlands,so as to provide important technical support for water ecological environment management and protection in Honghu lake basin.