超大规模人口的中国式现代化运行逻辑、内外挑战与难题破解

Operational Logic,Response to Challenges and Resolution of Difficulties for Chinese Modernization with a Super-large Population

超大规模人口的中国式现代化既显示出人口优势也面临规模治理焦虑的挑战。其运行逻辑体现为:在党的领导下把超大规模人口有效组织起来,把党的制度优势转化为治理势能;独特的理性观为现代化建设提供了大量廉价的劳动力,为后发国家的现代化腾飞提供了人力保障和无限的市场潜能;全过程人民民主、社会共同体的构建,有助于破解超大规模人口集体行动的难题;对教育的重视,促进人才与科技的发展。同时超大规模人口的现代化也面临挑战:世俗化社会的竞争和分化、人口老龄化和少子化的叠加、风险社会的不确定性、西方国家对技术的霸权及技术自身论等。基于此,来探究破解超大规模人口的现代化难题的路径:构建社会治理共同体来回应治理负荷、以教育现代化促进人口质量提升、加大风险社会的防控和预警、加强信息技术社会的驾驭能力。

Chinese modernization with a super-large population not only demonstrates population advantages but also faces the challenge of large-scale governance apprehension.The operational logic is reflected in the following aspect:under the CPC leadership,the super-large population is efficiently organized,and the Party's institutional advantages have been transformed into governance potential;the unique rational concept provides a large amount of lower-cost labor for moderniza-tion efforts,and provides new opportunities for China as a late-developing country,providing human resources and unlimited market potential;the development of people's democracy and social community throughout the entire process helps to solve the problem of large-scale collective action of the population;the emphasis on education promotes the development of talents and technology.At the same time,the modernization of a super-large population also confronts challenges:competition and sepa-ration in a secularized society,the superposition of population aging and declining birth rate,the uncertainty of a risk-prone society,the hegemony of Western countries over technology and paradox of technology itself,etc.Based on this situation,we will explore the pathway for getting out of the modernization dilemma for a country with a large-scale population:building a social governance community to respond to the governance load;promoting population quality improvement through educational modernization;increasing the prevention and control and early warning for a risk-prone society,and strengthening the govern-ance ability of the information technology society.