数字化转型与跨国企业研发国际化投资模式

Digital Transformation and R&D Internationalization Investment Modes in Multinational Enterprises

数字化转型是推动企业配置全球创新资源、提升创新绩效的重大战略举措。投资模式选择影响跨国企业研发国际化的投资成本、收益分配以及风险水平。探讨数字化转型如何影响跨国企业研发国际化投资模式具有重要意义。基于信息加工理论,利用中国上市跨国企业数据,考察数字化转型对跨国企业研发国际化投资模式的影响和作用机制。研究发现:数字化转型能够促进跨国企业选择独资模式而非合资模式展开研发国际化投资。作用机制分析表明,数字化转型通过发挥提质增效和成本降低作用促进跨国企业选择独资模式。在非国有跨国企业中、母国和东道国制度距离较低的情境下,数字化转型更能促进跨国企业选择独资模式。研究发现为理解跨国企业利用数字化转型优化研发国际化投资决策提供了理论依据,为跨国企业全面把握数字化转型的机遇和作用规律提供了管理启示。

Digital transformation is a major strategic initiative to drive enterprises to allocate global innovation resources and improve innovation performance.The choice of investment mode affects the investment cost,benefit distribution and risk level of R&D internationalization of multinational enterprises(MNEs).It is of great significance to explore how digital transformation affects MNEs' R&D internationalization investment mode.Based on information processing theory,it examined the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on MNEs' R&D internationalization investment modes using data from Chinese listed MNEs.The results show that digital transformation promotes MNEs to choose the sole proprietorship mode rather than the joint venture mode for their R&D internationalization investment.The mechanism analysis shows that digital transformation facilitates MNES to choose the sole proprietorship mode by improving quality and efficiency and reducing costs.Among non-state-owned MNEs,digital transformation facilitates the choice of the sole proprietorship mode when the institutional distance between home and host countries is small.It provides a theoretical basis for understanding the use of digital transformation by MNEs to optimize their R&D internationalization investment decisions,and managerial insights for MNEs to fully grasp the opportunities and patterns of digital transformation.