2016-2019年北京市石景山区流感监测结果分析

Analysis of Influenza Surveillance Results in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2016 to 2019

目的分析北京市石景山区2016-2019年流感监测数据,了解流感的流行特征和病原学变化规律,为石景山区流感防控提供科学依据。方法收集2016年7月-2019年6月石景山区流感监测哨点医院的流感样病例(ILI)报告及病原学监测数据,采用描述性流行病学及统计学方法进行汇总分析。结果2016年7月-2019年6月,北京市石景山区累计报告流感样病例58107例,ILI百分比为0.90%。冬春季是历年ILI报告高峰;共采集ILI咽拭子样本2119件,检出流感病毒核酸阳性样本375件,阳性检出率为17.70%,其中A(H3N2)亚型148件(39.47%),甲型H1N1亚型108件(28.80%),B(Victoria)型76件(20.27%),B(Yamagata)型39件(10.40%),混合阳性4件(1.07%)。3个监测年度ILI报告数最多的组为25~59岁组,合计25719例,占ILI总数的44.26%。2016-2017年优势流行毒株为A(H3N2)亚型(80.61%),其次为甲型H1N1(19.39%),未检出乙型流感病毒。2017-2018年优势流行毒株为甲型H1N1(32.11%)、A(H3N2)亚型(26.61%)、B(Yamagata)型(35.78%)。2018-2019年优势流行毒株为甲型H1N1(35.71%)和B(Victoria)型(42.86%)。结论北京市石景山区流感病毒流行季节为冬春季,2016-2019年各监测年度流感病毒流行强度各异。应长期、持续地做好流感病毒的监测工作,及时发现流行趋势变化情况,及早采取防控举措,降低危害。

Objective To analyze the influenza surveillance data in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2016 to 2019,understand the epidemiological characteristics and etiological changes of influenza,and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in Shijingshan District.Methods The influenza-like illness(ILI)report and etiological monitoring data of influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Shijingshan District from July 2016 to June 2019 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology and statistical methods.Results From July 2016 to June 2019,a total of 58107 influenza-like cases were reported in Shijingshan District of Beijing,with an ILI percentage of 0.90%.Winter and spring were the peak of ILI reports over the years.A total of 2119 throat swab samples of ILI were collected,and 375 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were detected,with a positive detection rate of 17.70%.Among them,148(39.47%)were subtype A(H3N2),108(28.80%)were subtype A(H1N1),76(20.27%)were type B(Victoria),39(10.40%)were type B(Yamagata),and 4(1.07%)were mixed positive.The highest number of ILI reports in the three monitoring years was 25-59 years old group,with a total of 25719 cases,accounting for 44.26%of the total number of ILI.The dominant epidemic strain in 2016-2017 was subtype A(H3N2)(80.61%),followed by influenza A(H1N1)(19.39%),and influenza B virus was not detected.The dominant epidemic strains in 2017-2018 were influenza A(H1N1)(32.11%),subtype A(H3N2)(26.61%)and type B(Yamagata)(35.78%).The dominant epidemic strains in 2018-2019 were influenza A(H1N1)(35.71%)and type B(Victoria)(42.86%).Conclusion The epidemic season of influenza virus in Shijingshan District of Beijing is winter and spring,and the epidemic intensity of influenza virus is different in each monitoring year from 2016 to 2019.Long-term and continuous monitoring of influenza viruses should be carried out to detect changes in epidemic trends in time,and early prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the harm.