基于土地利用变化的湖南省生态服务功能时空变化

Spatial and Temporal Changes in Ecological Service Functions in Hunan Province Based on Land Use Change

生态系统服务会随着土地利用的变化而产生相应的变化。基于1990年、2005年、2018年三期土地利用数据,借助ArcGIS与InVEST模型对研究期限内的生境质量、碳储量、产水量、水质净化、土壤保持5种生态系统服务进行整体评估。研究结果表明:近29年来湖南省土地利用结构基本稳定,林地面积占比最大,未利用地占比最小。各类土地面积变化较小,但是相互转化较为频繁。在5种生态系统服务中,只有水质净化服务功能小幅提升,其余4种生态服务功能均呈现不同程度的下降。其中生境质量、土壤保持服务功能下降速率持续加剧,产水量与碳储量服务功能虽然仍在下降,但是近期下降速率逐渐放缓,呈现好转趋势。

Ecosystem services will undergo corresponding changes with changes in land use.This article is based on three periods of land use data from 1990,2005,and 2018,and uses ArcGIS and InVEST models to comprehensively evaluate five ecosystem services:habitat quality,carbon storage,water production,water quality purification,and soil conservation during the research period.The research results indicate that in the past 29 years,the land use structure in Hunan Province has been basically stable,with the highest proportion of forest land area and the lowest proportion of unused land.Various types of land have relatively small changes in area,but their mutual transformation is more frequent.Among the 5 ecosystem services,only the water purification service function has slightly improved,while the other 4 ecosystem service functions have shown varying degrees of decline.The decline rate of habitat quality and soil conservation services continues to intensify.Although the water production and carbon storage services are still declining,the recent decline rate has gradually slowed down and shown an improving trend.