河北省石家庄市园林引种厚壳树初报

Preliminary report on the introduction of Ehretia thyrsiflora in landscapearchitecture in Shijiazhuang City,Hebei province

厚壳树集观树冠、枝叶、花、果、香于一身,是优良的园林绿化树种,主要分布在我国东部、中部和西南部,在北方未见分布报道。该文通过对石家庄市龙泉湖公园从江苏省南通市引种的26株厚壳树,进行了为期7年的生长状况观测,分析其引种适应性。结果表明:(1)厚壳树基本能够适应石家庄市的环境条件,引种的26株苗木全部栽植成活。在后续生长中有4株存在顶部或主干死亡现象;在无防护情况下,厚壳树能够在石家庄地区露地越冬,且能在夏季高温(2023年夏季43℃)高燥环境下正常越夏。(2)引种的厚壳树苗木树高年均生长量0.117~0.75 m,胸径年均生长量0.906 cm,16号最大,为1.583 cm,10号最小,为0.183 cm;处于低洼处的苗木生长量明显高于缓坡之上。(3)厚壳树根萌蘖能力非常强,引种苗木大多都产生了根蘖苗,总数达179条。(4)引种7年后,共有6株苗木结果,其中2株处于丰果期。

Ehretia thyrsiflora,which integrate the features of the ornamental canopy,branches,leaves,flowers,fruits,and fragrances,are esteemed for greening gardens.They are mainly distributed in the eastern,central,and southwestern parts of China,with no distribution observed in the northern regions.Longquanhu in Shijiazhuang City introduced 26 Ehretia thyrsiflora from Nantong City,Jiangsu province.Through continuous seven-year measurement and observation of their growth conditions,the adaptability of these introduced trees was analyzed.The results show:(1)Ehretia thyrsiflora can generally adapt to the environmental conditions of Shijiazhuang City,with all 26 planted saplings surviving,although four of them exhibited top or main stem death.Without protection,Ehretia thyrsiflora can overwinter in open ground in Shijiazhuang and can survive the high temperatures(43°C in summer of 2023)and dry conditions during summer.(2)The average annual growth of tree height for the introduced Ehretia thyrsiflora saplings ranged from 0.117 to 0.75 meters,while the average annual growth of diameter at breast height was 0.906 centimeters,with No.16 being the largest at 1.583 centimeters and No.10 being the smallest at 0.183 centimeters.Saplings in low-lying areas showed significantly higher growth rates than those on gentle slopes.(3)The ability of Ehretia thyrsiflora to sprout from roots is very strong,with most introduced saplings producing root sucker seedlings,with a total of 179.(4)After seven years of introduction,a total of 6 saplings bore fruit,with 2 of them in a period of abundant fruiting.