云南省曲靖市11~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋病调查及影响因素

Investigation on dental caries of first permanent molars among children aged 11-12 years old in Qujing of Yunnan province and its influence factors

目的调查曲靖市11~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋现状,分析患龋影响因素,为防治提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机取样法,于2023年2—3月对曲靖市1614名11~12岁儿童进行口腔流行病学问卷调查、口腔健康检查。结果第一恒磨牙患龋率64.8%,龋均(1.63±1.50)个,龋失率1.6%,充填率15.1%,窝沟封闭率17.2%。曲靖抽样调查地区生活饮用水氟浓度低于0.2 mg/L,为患龋高危地区。患龋率、龋均在户口类型、性别、年龄间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);龋失率在性别间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);充填率在年龄、独生子女间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);窝沟封闭率在年龄、是否少数民族间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第一恒磨牙患龋的独立影响因素是户口类型、年龄、性别、甜食摄入(P<0.05)。结论曲靖市11~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋病患龋率高,远远高于全国多数地区,充填率及窝沟封闭率偏低。应引起相关部门、学校、家长及儿童的高度重视,早期防治龋病。

Objective To investigate the dental caries status of the first permanent molars in children aged 11~12 years in Qujing,and to analyze the influencing factors of dental caries,aiming to provide basis for prevention and treatment.Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling method was employed to select 1640 children aged 11-12 years old in Qujing city,and oral epidemiological questionnaire and oral health examination were conducted.Results The caries rate of the first permanent molars was 64.8%,the average number of caries was 1.63±1.50,the caries loss rate was 1.6%,the filling rate was 15.1%,and the pit and fissure sealing rate was 17.2%.The concentration fluoride in drinking water in Qujing is lower than 0.2 mg/L,which is a high risk area for dental caries.There were significant differences in caries prevalence and mean number of caries among household types,gender and age(P<0.05).The difference of caries loss rate between genders was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in filling rate between age and only child(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the rate of pit and fissure sealing among different age and ethnic groups(P<0.05).Household type,age,sex and sweet food intake were the independent influencing factors(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of caries of first permanent molars among children aged 11~12 years in Qujing is much higher than that in most areas of China,the filling rate and the sealing rate are low.It should cause the attention of relevant departments,schools,parents and children to attach great importance to early prevention and control of caries.