北京市通州区中小学生家庭食物环境健康水平及相关因素

Family food environment and related factors of primary and secondary school students in Tongzhou District,Beijing

目的了解通州区中小学生家庭食物环境健康水平及其相关因素,为开展通州区中小学生家庭食物环境提升工作提供参考。方法于2021—2023年采用分层整群抽样方法,对通州区11所学校的1485个学生家庭进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析比较不同人口学背景下家庭食物环境健康水平差异,相关因素分析采用二元多因素Logistic回归模型。结果通州区中小学生家庭食物环境健康水平得分(四分位间距)中位数为64.32(12.28)分,总达标率(≥60分)为67.41%;家庭喂养模式的健康水平得分[58.33(11.11)分]及达标率(42.76%)在家庭食物环境的5个维度中排名最后。乡镇家庭(OR=1.78,95%CI=1.41~2.25)、初中(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.07~1.87)和高中(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.73~3.00)学生家庭、单亲家庭(OR=1.89,95%CI=1.15~3.10)以及家长肥胖体型(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.23~2.65)的学生家庭食物环境健康水平未达标的风险更高(P值均<0.05)。结论通州区中小学生家庭食物环境总体健康水平不容乐观,家庭喂养模式健康水平亟待改善。应采取针对性措施以有效提升家庭食物环境健康水平,促进儿童青少年的健康成长。

Objective To understand family food environment and its associated factors of primary and secondary school students in Tongzhou District,so as to provide reference for the improvement of family food environment of primary and secondary school students in Tongzhou District.Methods From 2021 to 2023,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1485 families of students from 11 schools in Tongzhou District.Single Factor Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)was used to compare the differences in family food environment across different demographic background,and the associated factors were analyzed by the multiple binary Logistic regression model.Results The average score of family food environment of primary and secondary school students in Tongzhou District was 64.32(12.28)points,and the total compliance rate(≥60 points)was 67.41%.The score of family feeding pattern[58.33(11.11)points]and the compliance rate(42.76%)ranked the bottom among the five dimensions of family food environment.Rural families(OR=1.78,95%CI=1.41-2.25),junior high schools(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.07-1.87),senior high schools(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.73-3.00),single-parent families(OR=1.89,95%CI=1.15-3.10)and obese parents(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.23-2.65)had a higher risk of substandard family food environment(P<0.05).Conclusions Family food environment of primary and secondary school students in Tongzhou District is not optimistic,family feeding mode needs to be improved.Attention should be paid to the family food environment,so as to effectively promote healthy growth of children and adolescents.