中青年慢性心力衰竭患者死亡焦虑现状及其影响因素分析

Status quo and influencing factors of death anxiety in middle-aged and young adults with chronic heart failure

目的探讨中青年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者死亡焦虑现状及其影响因素。方法采取便利抽样法,选择阜外华中心血管病医院2021年1月—2023年2月诊治的176例中青年CHF患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)、死亡焦虑量表对患者进行调查。结果本研究共发放问卷176份,回收有效问卷170份,问卷有效回收率为96.59%。170例中青年CHF患者中低死亡焦虑患者136例,高死亡焦虑患者34例。多重线性回归分析结果显示,教育水平、家庭人均月收入、病程、心功能分级、体育锻炼情况、应对方式(屈服)是中青年慢性心力衰竭患者死亡焦虑的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论中青年CHF患者的死亡焦虑主要与患者的教育水平、家庭人均月收入、病程、心功能分级、体育锻炼情况、应对方式(屈服)有关,临床应加强对上述因素的评估,并及时给予针对性的心理干预。

Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of death anxiety among middle-aged and young adult patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods Totally 176 middle-aged and young adult CHF patients treated at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital between January 2021 and February 2023 were selected by convenience sampling and investigated with a general information questionnaire,the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ),and the Death Anxiety Scale.Results A total of 176 questionnaires were distributed,with 170 valid responses,yielding an effective response rate of 96.59%.Among the 170 middle-aged and young adult CHF patients,136 had low death anxiety,while 34 had high death anxiety.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational level,per capita monthly family income,duration of illness,cardiac function classification,physical exercise,and coping style(yielding)were influencing factors of death anxiety in middle-aged and young adult CHF patients(P<0.05).Conclusions Death anxiety in middle-aged and young adult CHF patients is primarily associated with educational level,per capita monthly family income,duration of illness,cardiac function classification,physical exercise,and coping style(yielding).Clinical assessments should focus on these factors to provide timely and targeted psychological interventions.