配水器扇形水嘴及其通信模块设计与仿真

Design and Simulation Water Distributor Fan Spout and Its Communication Module

分层注水是一种有效提高原油采收率并维持油田长期稳产的注水技术。在油田开采过程中,地层压力随开采程度的增加而降低,为保持油田的长期稳产,可向油田进行分层注水,测控一体化井下配水器是实现分层注水的关键组成部分,但其中测调精度不稳定。为此,在水嘴结构方面创新设计了一种适用于产生压力和流量脉冲波的扇形水嘴。由此产生的流量波和压力波信号具有形状规则、波形精度高的优点,从而提高了信号传输的成功率和有效性。为实现对井下压力和流量信号的实时监测,该配水器集成了压力波监测模块、内外压监测模块以及流量计模块,为不同油层的注水量智能调节提供了可靠的数据支持。对所设计的配水嘴和地面控制器进行内部流体仿真,相同条件下,45°和90°配水嘴转角时流场的最大压差为3 320 Pa,结果表明配水嘴开度越大,流场压差越小,符合节流压降规律,相同条件下,0°、45°和90°地面控制器转角时流场的最大压差为48 690 Pa,井口阀开度不同其内部流场状态有变化,井口阀开度越大,流场压差越小,经过实验验证,该设计可以相对于其他装置有效提高注水精度,可被应用于大型油田。

Separate layer water injection is an effective water injection technology to enhance oil recovery and maintain long-term stable oil production.In the process of oilfield exploitation,the formation pressure decreases with the increase of exploitation degree.In order to maintain the long-term stable production of the oilfield,separate layer water injection can be carried out in the oilfield.The downhole water distributor with integrated measurement and control is the key component to realize separate layer water injection,but its measurement and adjustment accuracy is unstable.Therefore,a fan-shaped water nozzle suitable for generating pressure and flow pulse waves is innovatively designed in the structure of the water nozzle.The resulting flow wave and pressure wave signals have the invention has the advantages of regular shape and high waveform precision,thereby improving the success rate and effectiveness of signal transmission.In order to realize the real-time monitoring of downhole pressure and flow signals,the water distributor integrates the pressure wave monitoring module,the internal and external pressure surplus measurement module and the flowmeter module,which provides reliable data support for the intelligent adjustment of water injection rate in different reservoirs.The internal fluid simulation of the designed nozzle and the ground controller is carried out.Under the same conditions,the maximum pressure difference of the flow field is 3320 Pa when the nozzle rotates at 45°and 90°.The results show that the larger the opening of the nozzle is,the smaller the pressure difference of the flow field is.Under the same conditions,the maximum pressure difference of the flow field is 48690 Pa when the surface controller rotates at angles of 0°,45°and 90°,and the internal flow field state varies with the opening of the wellhead valve,and the larger the opening of the wellhead valve is,the smaller the pressure difference of the flow field is.The experiment verifies that the design can effectively improve the water injection accuracy compared with other devices,and can be apply to large oil fields.