基于有限元分析的冷冻干燥机矩形干燥舱结构优化

Structure Optimization of Rectangular Drying Chamber of Freeze Dryer Based on Finite Element Analysis

由于冷冻干燥机矩形干燥舱结构设计采用简化计算与经验设计相结合,为了满足其工作需求,在设计过程中确保安全性,常会出现过度设计的问题。针对该问题,本次研究采用迭代设计优化结构,使其既能满足抽真空阶段干燥舱变形量不得高于3 mm的要求,又能降低干燥舱自重、减少材料浪费以此降低成本,提升竞争力。优化过程中,将干燥舱三维模型进行优化,利用有限元分析法,对工作过程中抽真空阶段以及预冷却阶段干燥舱变形情况进行分析,明确后续优化只要满足抽真空阶段箱体所受应力即可满足冷却阶段工作需求。经多次迭代优化结构,其变形量最终降到2.951 mm,质量减少417 kg。该研究结果对设计人员进行冷冻干燥机矩形干燥舱强度结构设计时,提供加强筋排布参考依据。

Due to the simplified calculation and empirical design used in the structural design of the rectangular drying chamber of the freeze dryer,there is often a problem of overdesign in order to ensure safety and meet the working requirements of the freeze dryer.Iterative design optimization is employed to address this issue.The goal is to meet the requirement of a deformation limit not exceeding 3 mm during the vacuum extraction stage of the drying chamber,while reducing the weight of the chamber,minimizing material waste,lowering costs,and improving competitiveness.During the optimization process,the three-dimensional model of the drying chamber is optimized using the finite element analysis method.The deformation of the drying chamber during the vacuum extraction stage and the pre-cooling stage is analyzed,and it is determined that as long as the stress on the chamber during the vacuum extraction stage is satisfied,the requirements for the cooling stage can be met.Through multiple iterations of structural optimization,the final deformation is reduced to 2.951 mm,and the weight is reduced by 417 kg.The research results provide a reference for reinforcement bar layout to design personnel when designing the structural strength of the rectangular drying chamber of a freeze dryer.