水下耐压舱的结构设计与分析

Structural Design and Analysis of Underwater Pressure Cabin

为了实现对水下生物及能源的探索和研究,设计了一种适应性强、可机械手携带的水下观测设备,此设备可对水下目标进行拍照并存储和记录水深信息,重点对提供密封工作环境的耐压舱进行了设计和分析。首先,基于内部的安装尺寸、整体质量及水下配重等情况,耐压舱首部采用圆形,尾部采用近似椭圆的形式。为提升耐压强度,舱体采用分段连接形式,舱体主要采用非金属材料3D打印。窗口玻璃采用平面融石英玻璃,避免了球面对成像产生畸变的情况,并对舱体密封进行了设计。然后,使用有限元分析软件对舱体和窗口玻璃进行静力学分析,分析结果表明在100 m水深时耐压舱满足强度要求。最后,根据设计分析结果对耐压舱进行了制造,并对耐压舱进行水压试验,试验结果表明耐压舱满足强度和密封要求。

In order to explore and research underwater organisms and energy,an underwater observation equipment with strong adaptability is designed and can be carried by robotics,this device can take photos of underwater targets,store and record water depth information.The design and analysis of the ballast tank which provides a sealed working environment are emphasized.Firstly,based on the internal installation size,overall weight,and underwater counterweight,the head of the device is circular,and the tail is shaped like an ellipse.In order to improve the strength,the cabin adopts a segmented connection form,and the cabin is mainly made of non-metallic materials 3D printed.The window glass is made of flat glass,and the material is fused quartz,which avoids the distortion of imaging caused by the spherical surface.The cabin seal is also designed.Then,finite element analysis software is used to perform static analysis on the cabin and window glass,and the analysis results show that the pressure resistant cabin meets the strength requirements at a water depth of 100 m.Finally,based on the design analysis results,the pressure cabin is manufactured and subjected to a water pressure test.The test shows that the pressure chamber meets the requirements for strength and sealing.