围产期奶牛酮病的发病机制和预警标志物研究进展

Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Early Warning Markers of Ketosis in Dairy Cows during Perinatal Period

奶牛酮病是围产期最常见的营养代谢病之一,患酮病的奶牛产奶量和繁殖性能下降,且易继发各种疾病,增加了治疗成本,给养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失,严重阻碍了奶牛业的健康发展。早期诊断和预测酮病的发生是防控的关键环节。目前,基于酮病相关的血液、牛乳、尿液、瘤胃液、生理活动、生产管理数据等构建了奶牛酮病预测模型。本文围绕奶牛酮病的发病机制及早期诊断和预测研究进行了综述,以期为健全奶牛酮病风险预警体系提供理论依据。

Cow ketosis is one of the most common nutritional metabolic diseases in the perinatal period.Cows with ketosis have reduced milk yield and reproductive performance,they are prone to secondary diseases,which increase the treatment cost,and cause substantial economic losses to the breeding industry and seriously hinder the healthy development of the dairy industry.Early diagnosis and prediction of ketosis is the key to preventing and controlling ketosis.Currently,the prediction model of ketosis has been constructed based on the data of blood,milk,urine,rumen fluid,physiological activity and production management related to ketosis.This paper reviews the pathogenesis,early diagnosis and prediction of ketosis in dairy cows to provide a theoretical basis for improving the early warning system of ketosis risk in dairy cows.