空间结构用微振动控制阻尼器动态特性测试

Dynamic Characteristics Test of Micro‑vibration Control Damper for Space Structure

空间桁架是有效载荷的常用支撑结构,由于有效载荷的振动敏感性,为保证有效载荷的在轨性能,保持桁架结构的稳定性,需要对桁架结构的低频振动进行抑制。液体阻尼器具有良好的阻尼性能,常用于卫星结构的振动抑制。对液体阻尼器的动态特性进行了理论分析和试验研究,使用激振器进行激励加载,获取了输入加速度和输出动态力的关系,求解了阻尼器的动刚度及阻尼系数。测试结果表明,该阻尼器可实现较大范围的阻尼系数,阻尼系数较未充液增加10倍以上,具有低频大阻尼、高频小阻尼的特性,可满足空间桁架结构减振需求,对空间结构的振动控制具有较强的工程意义。

Space truss is a common support structure for payload.Due to the vibration sensitivity of payload,maintaining the stability of truss structure is fundamental to the performance of payload on orbit.Therefore,it is essential to suppress the low-frequency vibration of truss structure.Liquid damper is widely used to suppress the vibration of satellite structure due to its excellent damper performance.In this paper,the dynamic characteristics of liquid damper are analyzed,the relationship between input acceleration and output dynamic force is obtained and the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficient of liquid damper are solved.Test results show that liquid damper can provide a wide range of damping coefficient,which increase by more than 10 times than that without liquid filling.It has the characteristics of large damping at low frequency and small damping at high frequency,which can meet the vibration reduction requirements of space truss structure,and has strong engineering significance for the vibration control of space structures.