2012-2021年重庆市18岁以下居民伤害死亡率及趋势变化

The injury mortality and its trend change among residents<18 years old in Chongqing from 2012 to 2021

目的了解2012—2021年重庆市18岁以下居民伤害死亡率变化趋势,为完善18岁以下居民伤害防控措施提供依据。方法2012—2021年重庆市18岁以下伤害死亡个案资料来源于重庆市全死因监测系统。采用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行χ^(2)检验,趋势分析采用年度变化百分比(APC)。结果重庆市18岁以下居民伤害死亡率由2012年的25.52/10万下降到2021年的9.99/10万,下降趋势有统计学意义(APC=-10.68%,P<0.01)。2012—2021年男性伤害各年死亡率均高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2012—2021年男性与女性伤害死亡率分别以10.86%与10.15%的速度下降,变化趋势均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2012—2017年农村18岁以下居民伤害死亡率高于城市,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2012—2021年城市与农村18岁以下居民伤害死亡率分别以年均4.40%与11.49%的速度下降,变化趋势均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2012—2021年0~4、5~14、15~17岁年龄组伤害死亡率分别以年均12.89%、10.60%与7.04%的速度下降,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。18岁以下居民伤害死因前5位依次是溺水、道路交通伤害、跌倒、意外窒息和自杀,2012—2021年溺水、道路交通伤害、意外窒息死亡率分别以年均13.15%、14.62%和10.42%的速度下降,变化趋势均有统计学意义(P<0.01),2012—2021年18岁以下居民自杀死亡率以年均8.22%的速度上升,变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论重庆市18岁以下居民伤害死亡率呈下降趋势,男性与农村是伤害干预的重点,应继续加强18岁以下居民的伤害预防控制工作。

Objective To analyze the injury mortality and its trend change among residents<18 years old in Chongqing from 2012 to 2021,and provide the basis for improving the prevention and control measures of injury in residents<18 years old.Methods Injury case data among residents<18 years old in Chongqing from 2012 to 2021 were from Chongqing death surveillance system.Theχ^(2) test was used to analyze the data,the trend change of the injury mortality was analyzed by annual percent change(APC).The used software was SPSS 25.0 Results The injury mortality among residents<18 years old in Chongqing decreased from 25.52/105 in 2012 to 9.99/105 in 2021(P<0.01),and APC was-10.68%.The injury mortality rates of each year in males were significantly higher than those in females(P<0.05,P<0.01).The APC values of injury mortality in males and females were-10.86%and-10.15%(P<0.01).From 2012 to 2017,the injury mortality rates of residents<18 years old in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban areas(P<0.05 or P<0.01).From 2012 to 2017,the APC values of injury mortality in urban residents<18 years old and rural residents<18 years old were-4.40%and-11.49%(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The Injury mortality rates in 0-4 age group,5-14 age group and 15-17 age group showed the annual decrease 12.89%,10.06%and 7.04%,respectively(P<0.01).The top five death causes in residents<18 years old were drowning,road traffic accidence,fall,accidental suffocation and suicide.The APC values of injury mortality for drowning,road traffic accidence and accidental suffocation were-13.15%,-14.62%and-10.42%,respectively(P<0.01),and APC of suicide mortality was 8.22%(P<0.01).Conclusion The injury mortality in residents<18 years old showed downward trend,the males and rural residents<18 years old were the focus of the intervention.It should strengthen the injury prevention and control for residents<18 years old in Chongqing.