历史唯物主义文明理论的超越对象与超越路径

The Transcendental Object and Transcendental Path of the Civilization Theory of Historical Materialism

文明理论是西方近代以来的重要思想论题。在西方思想史演变历程中,形成了理性主义、非理性主义、历史唯物主义三种具有代表性的文明理论,分别形成了以理性实体论、本能驱动论、辩证唯物论为标志的研究范式。历史唯物主义文明理论基于劳动实践建构文明理论,超越了人的本质外化论;致力于满足现实的人的需要建构文明理论,超越了人性本能论;从个人属性和社会属性相统一的维度建构文明理论,超越了从个人或者从社会出发的理论逻辑。尊重人民群众历史主体地位,立足劳动实践活动的历史唯物主义文明理论对于建设中华民族现代文明、促进世界文明交流互鉴具有重要意义。

The theory of civilization has been an important ideological topic since modern times.In the long-term evolution of ideological history,three schools of civilization theory under the framework of rationalism,irrationalism,and historical materialism have emerged respectively,with research paradigms marked by rational entity theory,instinct driven theory,and dialectical materialism.The theory of historical materialism civilization is based on labor practice to construct a civilization theory,which goes beyond the externalization of human nature.Committed to meeting the needs of people in reality,constructing a civilization theory that goes beyond the theory of human instinct.Constructing civilization theory from the dimension of unifying personal and social attributes,surpassing theoretical logic starting from individuals or society.The historical materialist civilization theory that respects the historical subject status of the people and is based on labor practice activities is of great significance for building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation,promoting exchanges and mutual learning among world civilizations.