我国数字农业的分布动态、地区差异与收敛性研究

Study on distribution dynamics,regional differences and convergence of digital agriculture in China

基于2000—2022年我国数字农业企业大数据,从“区域间”聚集视角,采用核密度估计法和基尼系数分解法从省域层面评估不同地区数字农业企业的分布情况,并采用σ收敛模型和β收敛模型研究数字农业企业的收敛趋势及影响因素。研究发现:我国数字农业聚集度整体呈倒U型曲线,东部地区发展领先,中部地区发展相对缓慢,西部地区发展速度迅猛;我国数字农业呈现出“东南引领,多核心聚集”的空间分布格局;东—中—西部地区的数字农业整体呈现出“缓慢上升—剧烈波动—快速下降”的发展趋势,南—北方地区的数字农业整体呈现出“扩大—缩小”的发展趋势;我国数字农业存在σ收敛、绝对β收敛和条件β收敛现象,在加入控制变量后,收敛速度呈现出“中—东—西”和“北—南”递减的特征。据此,提出培育地方数字农业创新中心、推进数字农业区域均衡发展等对策,以推进数字农业均衡和可持续发展。

Based on the big data of China′s digital agriculture enterprises from 2000 to 2022,this study uses kernel density estimation and Gini coefficient methods to evaluate the distribution of digital agriculture enterprises in different regions at the provincial level from an"inter-regional"agglomeration perspective.It also examines the convergence trends and influencing factors of digital agriculture enterprises using theσ-convergence model and theβ-convergence model.The research finds that the overall agglomeration degree of China′s digital agriculture presents an inverted U-shaped curve,with the eastern region leading in development,the central region developing relatively slowly,and the western region growing rapidly.The spatial distribution pattern of China′s digital agriculture shows a"southeast-led,multi-core agglomeration"pattern.The overall development trend of digital agriculture in the east-central-west regions shows a"slow rise-violent fluctuation-rapid decline",while the overall development trend of digital agriculture in the south-north regions shows a"first expansion-then contraction".China′s digital agriculture exhibitsσ-convergence,absoluteβ-convergence,and conditionalβ-convergence phenomena,with the convergence speed showing a characteristic of"central-east-west"and"north-south"decreasing after adding control variables.Based on these findings,the study proposes strategies such as building local digital agriculture innovation centers and promoting the balanced regional development of digital agriculture,so as to advance the balanced and sustainable development of digital agriculture.