基于前后端在线监测的燃气发电机组碳排放特性与影响因素分析

The carbon emission characteristics and influencing factors of gas generator unit based on online monitoring of front-end and back-end

为探索碳排放监测技术在支持火电企业碳排放“双控”以外如何助力火电机组运行优化,以某F级燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组为研究对象,在其尾部烟囱加装CO_(2)监测系统,进而基于前端调压站燃料在线监测数据与后端烟囱环保测点烟气在线监测数据开展研究。研究发现:该机组中高负荷段的烟气监测碳排放速率稳定偏高于燃料监测碳排放速率但曲线变化基本一致,说明前后端数据具有可比性但存在稳定的偏移;对于该型机组中负荷运行时,大气环境是一个优先考量因素,气温较高时可能改善机组热散失,气压较低时可减小压气机压缩能耗,进而降低该型机组瞬时碳排放强度;透平膨胀比、压气机压比、蒸燃功比可能是在机组负荷不变的情况下降低机组瞬时碳排放强度的优先考虑因素。

To investigate the potential of carbon emission monitoring technology in optimizing thermal power unit operations beyond the“double control”of emissions in thermal power enterprises,an F-class gas-steam combined cycle unit where a CO_(2) monitoring system is installed at the tail chimney is selected to be discussed.Research is conducted using online fuel monitoring data from the front pressure regulating station and flue gas monitoring data from the rear chimney environmental protection measurement point.The results reveal that,in the high-load section,the flue gas monitoring carbon emission rate is consistently higher than the fuel monitoring rate,although both curves exhibit similar trends,indicating comparable yet offsetting data.For units operating at medium loads,atmospheric conditions are crucial.Elevated temperatures may increase heat loss,while reduced air pressure can minimize compressor energy consumption,thereby decreasing the unit’s instantaneous carbon emission intensity.Among various parameters,adjusting the turbine expansion ratio,compressor pressure ratio,and steam fuel power ratio could be effective strategies to minimize carbon emissions without altering the unit load.