人机传播的意义转向:对人机交往及机器身体化的思考

Turns of Meaning in Human-machine Communication:Reflections on the Human-machine Interaction and Machine Embodiment

人机关系具有生产革命、媒介革命、交往革命三个历史阶段,智能技术的社会化应用使交往问题成为人机关系研究的新命题。在交往革命阶段人机传播研究急需将目光从技术中心转向意义中心,从而真正追问人机传播中的意义共创问题。目前智能技术主要通过语义网络、情感交互、试错学习等方式获取意义,但从人机之间的依赖关系与具身中心两大现实趋势来看,实现人机传播向人机交往的进阶需兼顾人机的身体共在与共通,而机器身体化正是二者意义共创并形成人机交往的前提条件。机器身体化具有适应人类身体、拥有机械躯体、成为机器主体三种不同的类型特征与演绎,造就了身体拓展、身体镜像、身体交往等三种人机交往模式和意义共创方式。

Human-machine relationship has undergone three historical stages:production revolution,media revolution and communication revolution,and with the social application of AI technology,the problem of communication has become a new proposition in the study of human-machine relationship.In the stage of communication revolution,the research on human-machine communication urgently needs to turn its attention from technology to meaning,so as to truly pursue the problem of meaning co-creation in human-machine communication.At present,intelligent technology mainly obtains meaning through semantic network,emotional interaction,and trial and error learning,etc.,but from such two major practical trends as human-machine dependence and embodied center,the advancement of human-machine communication to human-machine interaction needs to take into account the coexistence and commonality of the human and machine bodies,and machine embodiment is the precondition for the co-creation of the meanings of human and machine and the formation of human-machine interaction.Machine embodiment has three different types of characteristics and deductions:adapting to the human body,possessing a mechanical body,and becoming a machine subject,which has created three modes of human-machine interaction and methods of meaning co-creation,such as body expansion,body mirroring,and body communication.