从干预主义视角看机制中的构成关系

Constitution in Mechanism from the Perspective of Interventionism

在机制解释中,因果关系和构成关系占据着核心位置。新机制主义者克雷沃将干预主义扩展性地用于界定构成关系,却导致理论内部产生了不一致性问题。当前解决这一问题的方案主要有三种,本文将对这三种方案的解题思路进行重构和分析,在指出其各自缺陷的同时,引导我们重新审视构成关系的共时性特征;并在区分两种共时性的基础上对干预概念作出适度修正,进而尝试提供一种能避免不一致性问题的干预主义构成标准。

Causation and constitution occupy the core position in mechanistic explanation.The representative of New Mechanism,Craver,borrows the concept from interventionism to define constitutive dependence,which results in the Inconsistency Problem.At present,there are three main approaches to solve this problem.This paper will reconstruct and analyze the problem-solving ideas of these three approaches.While pointing out their drawbacks respectively,I will re-examine the synchronicity of constitutive relationship.On the basis of distinguishing the two kinds of synchronicity,I will revise the intervention concept moderately and provide a new interventionist definition of constitution that can help us avoid the Inconsistency Problem.