低压电器用银基触点材料研究与应用进展

Research and application progress of silver-based contact materials in low voltage apparatus

银基电接触材料是低压电器的核心部件,其性能指标直接决定电气设备的安全可靠性。基于绿色环保要求,传统的银氧化镉电接触材料含有毒物质Cd元素,正逐渐淘汰。与此同时,电气设备的升级换代对银基电接触材料提出了更高的性能要求。针对银基电接触材料,从触点材料的失效机理、常见的银基电接触材料分类进行讨论,同时针对各种银基电接触材料存在的问题、成分设计与工艺优化以及仿真模拟的应用进行了全面的综述,并结合材料的研发需求,给了未来银基电接触材料的发展建议,为银基电接触材料的研究发展提供参考。

Silver-based electrical contact material is core component to ensure low-voltage apparatus efficient and safe operation.The performance specifications directly affect the safety and reliability of electrical equipment.On account of environment protection,traditional silver cadmium oxide electrical contact material containing cadmium,a heavy metal toxic element,is being phased out of existence.With the updating and upgrading of low voltage electrical equipment,higher performance requirements are proposed for silver-based electrical contact materials.In this paper,the failure mechanism of silver based electrical contact materials and the classification of common silver based electrical contact materials are discussed.At the same time,the existing problems,composition design and process optimization of various silver based electrical contact materials are comprehensively summarized.In combination with the research and development needs of various low-voltage apparatus efficients,suggestions for the development of silver based electrical contact materials in the future are given,which provides reference for the research and development of silver based electrical contact materials.