论“软”的慰劳义及其他

On“Ruan's”Meaning of“Appreciating Somebody's Services and Presenting Gifts”and Others

在敦煌文献及传世文献中有“软脚”一词,义为“慰劳接风”。“软”的本字应为“餪”,音“暖”,并由此衍生出暖女、暖寿、暖痛、暖丧、暖墓、暖床等词及相应的许多饮食礼俗。对于这些礼俗的产生,本文从“餪”词义演变的角度,探寻其相应礼俗的发展变化及文化内涵,即从“馈食”“慰问”演变成为一系列的饮食礼俗,具体表现在婚丧嫁娶等各个方面,体现了国人之间的人文关怀。

In the Dunhuang literature and handed-down documents,there is a word“ruanjiao(软脚)”that means“giving a reception in honor of a guest from afar”.The original form of“ruan(软)”should be“nuan(餪)”with the pronunciation“nuan(暖)”,which then derives such words as“nuannü(暖女)”,“nuanshou(暖寿)”,“nuantong(暖痛)”,“nuansang(暖丧)”,“nuanmu(暖墓)”,“nuanchuang(暖床)”,and many corresponding food etiquette and customs.The development and change of the corresponding etiquette and customs and their cultural connotation should be explored from the perspective of the evolution of word meanings of“nuan(餪)”,that is,the words“kuishi(馈食)”and“weiwen(慰问)”evolving into a series of food etiquette and customs,which is specifically reflected in all aspects of weddings and funerals,and embodies the humanistic care among the people.