论《诗经·小雅·鹤鸣》的主旨及创作手法

On the Theme and Creative Techniques of The Book of Songs,Xiao Ya,He Ming

《鹤鸣》是《诗经》中的名篇,历代诗评家对其关注评论有加,对于《鹤鸣》的主旨,迄今主要有三类观点:一是认为属于劝喻讽刺类,二是认为属于山水写景类,三是认为属于贤者处世类。造成分歧的主要原因在于,历代学者对诗歌意象和文本逻辑的理解不同。笔者查阅相关文献史料,辨析诗歌文本和各家观点,对《鹤鸣》之主旨及创作手法进行分析。

He ming is a famous poem in the Book of Songs,which has received much attention and comment from poetic critics throughout the past ages.There are three main types of views on the main theme of He ming:admonishing or satire;landscape writing;the virtuous people's approach to the world.The main reason for this divergence lies in the different understandings of the imagery and the logic of the poem by scholars over the ages.The author consults the relevant literature and historical materials,whoanalyses the text of the poem and the views of different scholars,and also analyses the main idea and creative techniques of He ming.