中国页岩油勘探开发面临的挑战与高效运营机制研究

Challenges and Efficient Operation Mechanism of Shale Oil Exploration and Development in China

中国页岩油资源丰富,并在多个盆地取得重大勘探开发突破,已成为石油战略接替新领域,但页岩油勘探开发时间相对较短,顶层的战略规划与政策导向尚未明确,存在勘探突破难、开发成本高和组织运营不畅等问题。为此,调研剖析了中美页岩油经营理念、宏观环境、资源配置、生产运行、科技水平和信息化程度等现状,深入思考中国页岩油勘探开发的痛点、难点和阻点,认为当前中国页岩油勘探开发主要面临理念思路、技术能力、运营管理和绿色发展等4大挑战。围绕中国能源战略,提出了实现中国页岩油高效运营的对策建议:谋划稳中求进的页岩油发展战略,构建市场机制下多主体融合的战略合作共同体,打造多兵种协作的生产运行新模式,建立迭代式创新的科技发展新机制,建立数智化赋能的信息支撑新范式,开创绿色低碳化的产业发展新格局,营造高契合友好的外部运营新环境。

China has abundant shale oil resources and has made significant exploration and development breakthroughs in multiple basins,which unveils a new field for implementing China’s petroleum strategy.However,the exploration and development of shale oil in China has a relatively short history,and the top-level strategic planning and policy guidance are not yet clear.There are a series of issues to be solved such as difficulties in exploration breakthroughs,high development costs,and inefficient organizational operation,etc.To this end,a comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the current status of shale oil management concept,macro environment,resource allocation,production and operation,science and technology level,and informatization state in China and the U.S,and in-depth considerations were performed to fully understand the pain points,difficulties,and obstacles of shale oil exploration and development in China.It is believed that currently there are four major challenges in shale oil exploration and development in China,including conceptual thinking,technical capabilities,operation management,and green developmentl etc.Based on the national energy strategy,countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to achieve efficient operation of shale oil in China,including implementing shale oil development strategy in a steady manner,building a strategic cooperative community with multi-subject integration under the market mechanism,creating a new mode of production and operation with multi-force collaboration,establishing a new mechanism of iterative technological development and innovation,developing a new information support paradigm empowered by digital intelligence,opening a new landscape of green and low-carbon industrial development,and fostering a new highly compatible and friendly external operation environment.