交互感知视角下月季色彩与香气对大学生神经情绪影响研究

Neuro-emotions Based on Electroencephalograph Response to Different Colors and Aromas of Rose in College Students:From the Perspective of Visual-olfactory Interaction

月季作为“花中皇后”,在园林绿化和家庭园艺中有着广泛应用,其丰富的花色和香味具有一定的疗愈作用。情绪在身心健康中发挥重要作用,目前关于月季对人情绪的影响多使用主观问卷,从单一的视觉或嗅觉感知入手,缺乏多感官维度的客观指标支撑,研究结果尚不能科学地指导实际应用。从视嗅感知的视角,探究不同色彩和香气的月季对人体神经情绪是否存在积极影响以及影响的差异。视觉变量分为6个色彩类型——白色、橙色、粉色、红色、黄色、蓝紫色,嗅觉变量分为两种香型——玫瑰香型、果香型,形成6种色彩和两种香型组成的12个色彩与香气的交互组。招募大学生受试者(n=240)将其随机分配到12个组中,评价选择Emotiv Epoc X便携式脑电仪设备测量前测施压和后测恢复期间的6个神经情绪指标(参与、压力、兴趣、兴奋、专注和放松)。结果显示:(1)白色、橙色和玫瑰香型,黄色—玫瑰香型、橙色—玫瑰香型、白色—果香型和橙色—果香型等组合能显著提高人的参与情绪,红色、粉色和黄色具有较强的吸引力,能诱导兴趣情绪的提升;(2)偏冷色系(白色、蓝紫色和粉色)的降压和放松情绪的效果远高于红、橙、黄等暖色系,果香型缓解压力的效果更突出;(3)以红色和黄色为代表的暖色系诱导兴奋和专注情绪表达的效果最佳,这些暖色系和两种香型的组合能振奋情绪,更有利于注意力的恢复,能补充定向注意力;(4)色彩对神经情绪的作用效果更强,且色彩和香气的组合对神经情绪的影响并非是单纯的累加效应。研究可指导校园中不同色彩和香气的月季进行合理组合配置,诱导人们产生积极情绪,提高绿地的健康效益。

As the“queen of flowers”,the rose is widely used in landscaping and home gardening.Its rich color and fragrance have a specific healing effect.Emotions play an essential role in physical and mental health.At present,the influence of rose on people’s emotions is mainly based on subjective questionnaires,starting from a single visual or olfactory perception.The research results cannot scientifically guide the practical application without the support of objective indicators from multi-sensory dimensions.From the perspective of visual and smell perception,this study studied whether different colors and aromas of rose have positive effects on human neuro-emotional status and the difference of effects.Visual variables were divided into six color types:white,orange,pink,red,yellow,and blue-purple,and olfactory variables were divided into two flavor types,rose and fruit,forming 12 color and aroma interaction groups composed of six colors and two flavors.College students(n=240)were recruited and randomly assigned to 12 groups.The Emotiv Epoc X portable electroencephalography device was selected to measure six neuro-emotional indicators(engagement,stress,interest,excitement,focus,and relaxation)during pre-test stress and post-test recovery.The results showed that:(1)The combination of white,orange and rose,yellow-rose,orange-rose,white-fruit and orange-fruit can significantly improve people’s participating emotions,and red,pink,and yellow have strong attraction and can induce the improvement of interest;(2)The effect of cool colors(white,blue-purple and pink)on lowering blood pressure and relaxing mood is much higher than that of warm colors such as red,orange and yellow,and the effect of fruity flavor on relieving stress is more prominent;(3)The warm colors represented by red and yellow have the best effect on inducing excitement and focused emotional expression,and the combination of these warm colors and the two fragrances can stimulate emotions,more conducive to the recovery of attention,and can supplement directed attention;(4)The effect of color on neural emotion is more robust,and the effect of the combination of color and aroma on neural emotion is not a simple additive effect.The results of this study can guide the reasonable combination and allocation of roses with different colors and aromas,induce people’s positive emotions,and improve the health benefits of green space.