不同气候带的光伏电站运行数据对比分析研究

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND STUDY OF OPERATION DATA OF PV POWER STATIONS IN DIFFERENT CLIMATE ZONES

光伏电站在户外实际工况下运行时,由于不同区域的气候条件不同,导致光伏电站的运行情况千差万别。日照强烈,环境温度、湿度大幅度变化,酸雨侵蚀,风沙蚀击等气象因素势必会影响光伏发电设备的发电性能,加速其老化程度,最终影响光伏电站的发电效率和寿命。基于中国现有的气候带分类,对不同气候带的气候特征进行了分析,然后对不同气候带中光伏电站的运行数据进行了对比,分析了不同气象因素对光伏电站发电性能和发电量差异的影响。研究结果表明:由于不同气候带的太阳能资源禀赋、环境温度等气象因素差异较大,对各气候带中光伏电站的工作电压、工作电流、输出功率等电性能参数的影响不同,因此光伏电站建设时需结合不同气候带的气候特征进行设备选型和优化设计方案,以保证光伏电站投运后可达到最佳运行效果。

When PV power stations operate under actual outdoor conditions,due to different climatic conditions in different regions,the operation of PV power stations varies greatly.Meteorological factors such as strong sunlight,significant changes in ambient temperature and humidity,acid rain erosion,wind and sand erosion,etc.will inevitably affect the power generation performance of PV power generation equipment,accelerate its aging degree,and ultimately affect the power generation efficiency and lifespan of PV power stations.Based on the existing classification of climate zones in China,this paper analyzes the climate characteristics of different climate zones,and then compares the operating data of PV power stations in different climate zones,analyzing the impact of different meteorological factors on the power generation performance and differences in power generation capacity of PV power stations.The research results show that due to significant differences in meteorological factors such as endowment of solar energy resources,ambient temperature in different climate zones,the impact on the electrical performance parameters such as working voltage,working current,and output power of PV power stations varies in each climate zone.Therefore,when constructing PV power stations,equipment selection and optimization design schemes need to be combined with the climate characteristics of different climate zones to ensure that the PV power station can achieve the best operating effect after operation.