数字技术赋能协商民主:作用机理、风险挑战及实践进路

Empower Deliberative Democracy with Digital Technology:Mechanism,Risk and Practical Approaches

更高程度的民主以更为先进的科学技术为基础,这是由民主发展的历史逻辑和社会发展的实践逻辑共同决定的。在传统协商民主的实践中,随着社会结构的日益松散和国家治理的愈加复杂,凝聚社会共识的成本不断增加。因此,迫切需要引入新的治理工具,从而激发协商民主的内生动力和活力。数字技术通过多元主体协同化共治、协商程序数字化运行、公共服务精准化供给赋能协商民主,有效增强了协商民主的实践效能。然而,数字技术赋能协商民主并非万能,存在主体理性消解、价值理性偏离、公共理性缺失等风险。因此,在数字技术赋能协商民主的实践进路中,必须提升协商主体的数字素养、强化数字技术的应用管理、优化协商民主的自身参数,以确保数字技术赋能效应的持续发挥。

A higher level of democracy,based on more advanced technology,is determined by the historical logic of democratic development and the practical logic of social progress.With looser social structure and more complex state governance,the cost of forging social consensus continues to rise in the practice of traditional deliberative democracy.Therefore,it is urgent to introduce new governance tools to stimulate internal dynamics and vitality of deliberative democracy.It is necessary to empower deliberative democracy with digital technology through collaborative governance by multiple players,digitalization of consultation process,and precise supply of public service,effectively enhancing the practical efficiency of deliberative democracy.However,empowering deliberative democracy with digital technology is not a panacea and it comes with risks such as dissolution of subject rationality,deviation from value rationality,and lack of public rationality.Based on this,in the practical approach to digital technology-enabled deliberative democracy,it is essential to raise digital literacy of players in consultation,strengthen the management of digital technology applications and optimize parameters of deliberative democracy,so as to ensure the sustained empowerment effect of digital technology.