哺乳动物卵母细胞老化的相关机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism Related to the Aging of Mammalian Oocytes

哺乳动物卵母细胞老化是一个复杂且不可逆的生物学过程,主要表现为孤雌激活和细胞凋亡。老化会引起卵母细胞发生形态结构改变和细胞器功能下降,导致卵母细胞质量下降,直接影响受精和胚胎发育的结果。目前对体外培养卵母细胞过程中老化特征、老化影响因素以及如何延缓老化等研究越来越广泛,本文将近些年卵母细胞老化特征、影响老化因素和延缓卵母细胞老化的相关研究进行综述,以期对改善卵母细胞老化及优化辅助生殖技术提供一定参考。

The aging of mammalian oocytes is a complex and irreversible biological process,mainly characterized by parthenogenetic activation and apoptosis.Aging will cause the morphological and structural changes of oocytes and the decrease of organelle function,resulting in the decline of oocyte quality,which directly affects the results of fertilization and embryonic development.At present,there are more and more extensive studies on the ag ing characteristics,influencing factors and how to delay the aging of oocytes cultured in vitro.This paper reviews the related studies on the characteristics of oocyte aging,influencing factors and delaying oocyte aging in recent years,in order to provide some reference for improving oocyte aging and optimizing assisted reproductive technology.