马六甲肉食螨在不同氮气体积分数下的生长发育研究

Study on Growth and Development of Cheyletus Malaccensis Under Different Nitrogen Gas Volume Fractions

在储粮害虫防治中,利用天敌马六甲肉食螨Cheyletus malaccensis(Oudemans)防治害虫是一种生态长效的生物防治技术,氮气气调是一种有效的物理防控技术,为了结合2种防控技术的优势,本研究探索马六甲肉食螨与氮气气调联合防治储粮害虫的可行性。在氮气体积分数分别为90%、95%和98%条件下,以烟草甲Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius)卵为猎物,于27℃、75%RH环境下进行为期30 d的马六甲肉食螨耐受实验,观察不同氮气体积分数下马六甲肉食螨的存活、捕食及繁殖情况。结果表明,在98%体积分数N 2下,3 d时马六甲肉食螨的死亡率为100.00%。95%体积分数N 2下,30 d时马六甲肉食螨的死亡率为46.66%,单头平均产卵量为6粒,卵的平均孵化率为4.7%,单头平均捕食量为37粒,马六甲肉食螨能建立小规模的种群,并具有捕食能力;而90%N 2环境下,30 d时马六甲肉食螨的死亡率为13.00%,单头平均产卵量为13粒,卵的平均孵化率为77%,单头平均捕食量为32粒,马六甲肉食螨能正常建立种群,并具有捕食能力。总之,马六甲肉食螨在用于杀虫的98%体积分数N 2下难以存活,但在90%~95%的抑虫体积分数N 2下,部分马六甲肉食螨可以完成生活史,并具备一定捕食能力,马六甲肉食螨具有与氮气气调联合应用的可能性。

Stored grain pest control by Cheyletus malaccensis(Oudemans)is an ecological long-term predator control technology,while nitrogen atmosphere control is an efficient physical control technology.In order to combine the advantages of the two pest control techniques,in this study,the feasibility of the combination of Cheyletus malaccensis and nitrogen atmosphere in the control of stored grain pests was explored.At 27℃and 75%RH,a 30-day tolerance test was carried out by using Lasioderma serricorne eggs as prey of C.malaccensis under the conditions of 90%,95%and 98%nitrogen,respectively.The survival,predation,and reproduction of C.malaccensis under different nitrogen concentration were observed.The results indicated that the mortality rate of C.malaccensis was 100.00%after 3 days in 98%nitrogen concentration.At 95%nitrogen gas concentration,the mortality rate of C.malaccensis was 46.66%at 30 days.The average number of eggs laid per mite was 6,and the average hatching rate was 4.7%.An average of 37 eggs were preyed on by a mite.These indicated that C.malaccensis was capable of establishing a small-scale population and predation.Under 90%nitrogen concentration,C.malaccensis showed a mere 13.00%mortality rate after 30 days,demonstrating their ability to thrive.Each mite produced an average of 13 eggs and the average hatching rate of these eggs was 77%.Each mite exhibited an impressive average consumption of 32 prey items.These results indicated that C.malaccensis can establish a population under the nurturing conditions of a 90%nitrogen gas environment and have predation ability.In summary,while the survival of these mites was challenged in an insecticidal concentration of 98%nitrogen gas,they exhibited their full potential when exposed to concentrations ranging from 90%to 95%.They can complete their life cycle with finesse,showing their remarkable predatory abilities.Therefore,the prospects of integrating C.malaccensis with nitrogen gas-controlled atmosphere technology hold tremendous promise.