纳米抗体在食源性微生物污染检测中的应用

Application of nanobodies in the detection of foodborne microbial contamination

食源性微生物污染对人们的生命健康产生威胁,检测技术大多为传统的培养方法,结果准确但操作烦琐,检测周期长。纳米抗体作为一种新的抗原识别和调控工具,具备分子小、免疫原性弱、水溶性好、组织渗透性强、稳定性和亲和力强、易于表达和修饰的优势,已广泛应用于食品安全快速检测领域。本文首先介绍了纳米抗体的结构特征,作为检测工具的优势,筛选与表达的基本情况。然后介绍了纳米抗体在沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌等食源性致病菌检测中的应用,并补充了纳米抗体检测食品中诺如病毒和生物毒素的研究。最后对纳米抗体在食源性微生物污染检测中的应用进行了展望,以期为开发更加高效、准确、便捷的检测方法提供参考。

Foodborne microbial contamination pose a threat to people’s life and health,and most of the detection techniques are based on traditional cultivation methods,which are accurate but cumbersome and have a long detection cycle.Nanobodies,as a new tool for antigen recognition and modulation,have the advantages of small molecules,weak immunogenicity,good water solubility,strong tissue permeability,high stability and affinity,and easy to be expressed and modified,and have been widely used in the field of food safety rapid detection.This paper firstly introduced the structural characteristics of nanobodies,their advantages as a detection tool,and the basic situation of screening and expression.Then it introduced the application of nanobodies in the detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes,etc.,and complemented the study on the detection of norovirus and mycotoxins in food using nanobodies.In the end,this paper provided an outlook on the application of nanobodies in the detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria,with a view to providing a reference for the development of more efficient,accurate,and convenient detection methods.