新疆阿克苏地区博孜墩柯尔克孜族乡高尿酸血症患病情况及相关危险因素分析

The prevalence and related risk factors of hyperuricemia in Bozidum Kinghiz township of Xinjiang Aksu region

目的调查新疆阿克苏地区博孜墩柯尔克孜族乡高尿酸血症(HUA)的整体患病情况,探讨当地HUA发生的危险因素。方法横断面调查研究,采取整群抽样法随机抽取博孜墩柯尔克孜族乡9个村,采用入户发放问卷的调查方式。问卷内容包括一般情况、既往疾病史、个人史,所有调查对象测量身高、体质量、血压、腹围等。血清尿酸男性>420μmol/L或女性>360μmol/L诊断为HUA。分析不同年龄、性别、食物种类、生活行为等HUA患病情况。统计学分析应用t检验、非参数检验、卡方检验分析各组差异,应用logistic回归分析HUA发生的危险因素。结果①本次调查对象共2138人,其中,HUA患者68例,男性45例,女性23例,总患病率为3.18%(68/2138);男性4.60%(45/978),女性1.98%(23/1160),不同性别、年龄人群之间HUA患病情况不同,男女性患病高峰年龄均为51~60岁。②摄入奶制品(χ^(2)=6.91,P=0.017)、坚果类(χ^(2)=8.43,P=0.038)及蛋类(χ^(2)=7.38,P=0.023)人群HUA患病率低,摄入量越高的人群HUA患病率越低。谷类(χ^(2)=0.87,P=0.647)、肉类(χ^(2)=0.82,P=0.662)、蔬果类(χ^(2)=5.22,P=0.073)不同摄入量对HUA患病率无影响。③男性一直吸烟者HUA患病率高于曾经吸烟、从不吸烟者(57.78%、28.89%、13.33%,χ^(2)=8.16,P=0.017);饮酒与HUA关系中,男性一直饮酒、曾经饮酒与从不饮酒患病率分别为80.00%、11.11%、3.89%,患病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.67,P=0.038)。④多因素logistic回归分析显示BMI高、年龄大、甘油三酯高、肌酐升高、白细胞计数增加是HUA发生的危险因素[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.13(1.04,1.23),1.03(1.00,1.05),1.39(1.00,1.93),1.03(1.02,1.05),1.27(1.07,1.49),P值均<0.05]。结论新疆阿克苏地区博孜墩柯尔克孜族乡HUA患病率较其他大陆性气候地区低,BMI高、年龄大、甘油三酯高、肌酐升高、白细胞计数增加是HUA发生的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia(HUA)in Bozidun Kirghiz township of Xinjiang Aksu region,and to explore the risk factors for the occurrence of HUA in the local area.Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted by randomly selecting 9 villages in Bozidun Kirgiz Township by the whole-group sampling method and questionnaire were distributed to the households.The questionnaire included:demographic information,history of past illness,personal history,and all subjects were measured for height,weight,blood pressure,abdominal circumference,etc.The diagnostic of HUA if the serum uric acid(SUA)level>420μmol/L in men or>360μmol/L in women.The incidences of HUA in different age,sex,food type and life style behavior were analyzed.T test,non-parametric test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the differences among the groups,and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors.Results①A total of 2138 subjects were surveyed,among which 68 patients were with HUA,the prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirghiz township,Aksu region in the general population was 3.18%(68/2138);the prevalence rate in men was 4.60%(45/978),45 patients were identified;and the prevalence rate in women was 1.98%(23/1160),23 patients were identified.The peak age of HUA in male and female patients was 51~60 years old.②The prevalence of HUA was lower in those who consumed dairy products(χ^(2)=6.91,P=0.017),nuts(χ^(2)=8.43,P=0.038)and eggs(χ^(2)=7.38,P=0.023),and lower in those who consumed more.Different intake of cereals(χ^(2)=0.87,P=0.647),meat(χ^(2)=0.82,P=0.662),vegetables and fruits(χ^(2)=5.22,P=0.073)had no effect on the prevalence of HUA.③In terms of different life behaviors,the prevalence of HUA in men who had been smoking was higher than those who had never smoked(57.78%,28.89%,13.33%,χ^(2)=8.16,P=0.017).In the relationship between drinking and HUA,the prevalence rates of male always drinking,ever drinking and never drinking were 80.00%,11.11%and 3.89%,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.67,P=0.038).④Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI,old age,high TG,increased Cr and increased WBC were risk factors for the occurrence of HUA[OR(95%CI)=1.13(1.04,1.23),1.03(1.00,1.05),1.39(1.00,1.93),1.03(1.02,1.05),1.27(1.07,1.49),all P<0.05].Conclusion The prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirgiz township in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang is lower than that in other areas with continental climate.High BMI,old age,high TG,increased Cr and increased WBC count are risk factors for the development of HUA.