研发人员专利信息利用行为的影响因素及作用机理——基于扎根理论的分析

Influencing factors and action mechanism of patent information utilization behavior of R&D personnel:An analysis based on the grounded theory

促进技术信息传播是专利制度的核心目标之一,但现有证据表明,研发人员并不重视专利信息。明确研发人员专利信息利用受到哪些因素影响,对提升社会创新效率、创新能力具有重要的理论价值和实践启示。通过对21名研发人员的深入访谈获取一手资料,采用程序化扎根理论方法对获取的访谈资料进行深入分析,提炼出17个初始范畴和7个主范畴,并以此构建了研发人员专利信息利用行为影响因素模型。结果表明,替代信源认知和专利信源声誉认知等远端因素通过专利信息质量认知、行为态度的链式中介作用,影响研发人员的专利信息利用行为。专利信息质量认知通过行为态度的中介作用,影响研发人员的专利信息利用行为。行为态度、社会规范和控制因素对研发人员的专利信息利用行为具有直接影响。研究结果在理论层面明晰了研发人员的专利信息利用行为影响因素及作用机理,在实践层面为我国完善专利信息利用政策、提升专利制度的技术信息传播效能提供了参考。

Promoting the dissemination of technical information is one of the core objectives of the patent system.However,exist-ing evidence suggests that R&D personnel do not prioritize patent information.It is crucial to identify the factors influencing R&D personnel's utilization of patent information,as this has significant theoretical and practical implications for enhancing social in-novation efficiency and innovation capabilities.In this study,we conducted in-depth interviews with 21 R&D personnel to collect primary data.Using a programmatic grounded theory approach,we analyzed the interview data and extracted 17 initial categories and 7 main categories.Based on this,we constructed a model of factors influencing R&D personnel's patent information utiliza-tion behavior.Our findings revealed that distal factors such as cognition of alternative information source and cognition of patent information source's reputation indirectly impact R&D personnel's utilization behavior through the serial mediating effects of pa-tent information quality perception and behavioral attitudes.Additionally,patent information quality perception influences R&D personnel's utilization behavior through the mediating effects behavioral attitudes.Furthermore,behavioral attitudes,social norms,and control factors have a direct impact on R&D personnel's utilization of patent information.At the theoretical level,the research results have clarified the influencing factors and mechanisms of patent information utilization behavior of R&D person-nel.At the practical level,it has provided a reference for improving the patent information utilization policies and enhancing the efficiency of technical information dissemination of China's patent system.