生态补偿奖惩机制改革对大气污染治理的优势效应研究

Research on the Advantage Effect of Ecological Compensation Reward and Punishment Mechanism Reform on Air Pollution Control

完善生态补偿制度、构建中国式生态文明制度体系,是实现中国式现代化的重要内容。如何优化机制设计,形成具有中国特色生态补偿制度是亟待解决的难题。本文从理论与实证层面剖析生态补偿奖惩机制改革治理效应及内在逻辑机理。研究发现,奖惩机制改革显著改善城市环境空气质量,实现生态—经济绩效“共赢”、资金使用提质增效两方面优势效应,并从主观能动性提升视角对其机理进行检验。通过对不同补偿形式的比较发现,奖惩设计带来的能动性差异会进一步影响环境治理效果。此外,本文还对补偿资金的边际效应进行了相应测算。研究结论为进一步优化生态补偿制度,完善生态文明体系提供一定的参考价值。

Perfecting the ecological compensation system and building a Chinese style ecological civilization system are important contents for realizing Chinese path to modernization. How to optimize the mechanism design and form an ecological compensation system with Chinese characteristics is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper analyzes the governance effect and internal logical relationship of the reform of ecological compensation reward and punishment mechanism from the theoretical and empirical levels. The study found that the reform of the reward and punishment mechanism significantly improved the urban ambient air quality, and achieved the advantages of ecological economic performance "win-win" and capital use to improve quality and efficiency. The mechanism was tested from the perspective of subjective initiative improvement. By comparing different forms of compensation, it is found that the difference in agency brought about by reward and punishment design will further affect the effectiveness of environmental governance. In addition, this article also calculates the marginal effect of compensation funds accordingly. The research conclusion provides certain reference value for further optimizing the ecological compensation system and improving the ecological civilization system.