陕西省2013-2022年梅毒重复报告情况及对报告发病率的影响

Duplicate reporting of syphilis in Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2022 and its impact on reported incidence

目的 分析陕西省2013-2022年梅毒重复报告情况,获得同期梅毒真实发病水平。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统的传染病监测系统下载2013-2022年陕西省梅毒病例数据,使用R3.5.1软件sqldf包的SQL语句对梅毒重复报告情况进行分析。结果 陕西省2013-2022年共报告梅毒病例102 732例,查出梅毒重复报告病例11 871例,总重复报告率为11.56%。2013-2022年重复报告率从1.40%上升到20.91%,重复报告率呈逐年上升趋势。78.43%的梅毒重复病例报告了2次。西安市(14.04%)、铜川市(13.59%)和汉中市(11.76%)梅毒重复报告率较高。妇幼保健院(11.72%)、综合医院(11.57%)和社区医院/卫生院(11.53%)重复报告率较高。2013-2022年陕西省梅毒报告发病率呈上升趋势(Z=2.15,P=0.03),删除重复报告病例后,同期梅毒报告发病率无明显升降趋势(Z=1.07,P=0.28)。结论 2013-2022年陕西省梅毒重复报告率总体呈上升趋势,重复报告使陕西省梅毒发病趋势被夸大,应进一步规范梅毒报告管理,提升监测数据质量。

Objective To analyze the duplicate reporting of syphilis in Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2022, and to obtain the real incidence of syphilis during this period. Methods Syphilis case data in Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2022 were downloaded from the infectious disease surveillance system of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. SQL statements in the sqldf package of the R3.5.1 software were used to analyze the duplicate reporting of syphilis cases. Results A total of 102 732 syphilis cases were reported in Shaanxi Province from 2013 to 2022 and 11 871 cases of duplicate reporting were detected, indicating an overall duplicate reporting rate of 11.56%. The rate of duplicate reporting increased from 1.40% in 2013 to 20.91% in 2022, showing a trend of yearly increase. Overall,78.43% of syphilis cases were reported twice, indicating duplicate reporting. The frequencies of duplicate syphilis reporting in Xi'an City(14.04%), Tongchuan City(13.59%), and Hanzhong City(11.76%) were notably high. Similarly,the occurrence of duplicate syphilis reporting in maternity and childcare hospitals(11.72%), general hospitals(11.57%),and community hospitals/health centers(11.53%) was comparably elevated. The reported incidence of syphilis in Shaanxi Province exhibited an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022(Z=2.15, P=0.03), but the increasing trend was no longer significant when cases of duplicate reporting were removed(Z=1.07, P=0.28). Conclusions The rate of syphilis overestimated reporting in Shaanxi Province showed an overall upward trend from 2013 to 2022, and duplicate reporting distorted the trend of syphilis incidence in Shaanxi Province. Therefore, syphilis reporting management should be further standardized to improve the quality of syphilis surveillance data.