2021年上海市外卖员健康信息获取行为及影响因素分析

Health information acquisition behavior and its correlates among food delivery workers in Shan phaicity.2021:a cross-sectional survey

目的 了解上海市外卖员健康信息获取行为现况及其影响因素,为制定外卖员群体的健康传播策略提供科学依据。方法 于2021年10-12月,采用目的抽样法对上海市16个区的1 065名外卖员进行线上问卷调查。结果 收集有效问卷1 027份,其中94.84%的外卖员主动关注健康信息;78.03%主要获取途径为微信、抖音等社交平台;38.40%主要获取形式为图文、漫画;主要关注内容为疾病知识、健康饮食、急救知识等。单因素分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、慢性病患病情况、近1年自评健康状况和外卖配送的工作方式是健康信息获取自主性的影响因素(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,患有慢性病(OR=4.35,95%CI=1.35~5.88),近1年自评健康状况为一般(OR=7.14,95%CI=2.38~20.01)、较差(OR=6.25,95%CI=1.04~16.67)和差(OR=50.00,95%CI=3.85~137.81)的外卖员健康信息获取的自主性较高。结论 是否患有慢性病、近期自评健康状况是外卖员健康信息获取自主行为的主要影响因素;拓宽健康信息渠道、运用新型媒体传播、丰富传播内容形式,有利于促进外卖员群体健康信息获取行为的养成。

Objective To comprehend the present situation and influential factors of health information acquisition behavior among food delivery workers in Shanghai for developing health communication strategies for the occupa-tional group.Methods A web-based survey was conducted from October to December 2021 among a purposive sample of 1065 food delivery workers recruited across 16 districts in Shanghai city,utilizing a self-designed questionnaire.Results Among 1027 valid respondents,94.84%reported actively paying attention to health information,principally on knowledge about disease prevention,healthy diets and first aid;78.03%reported obtaining the information mainly through social platforms such as WeChat and TikTok;and 38.40%reported getting the health information in text and comic form.The results of univariate analysis showed that gender,education level,presence of chronic diseases,self-rated health condition in the past year,and mode of employment were influencing factors for active acquisition of health information(P<0.05 for al).The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with chronic diseases(odds ratio[OR]=4.35,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.35-5.88)and those who reported poor self-rated health in the previous year(OR=7.14,95%CI:2.38-20.01 for general health,OR=6.25,95%CI:1.04-16.67 for poor health,and OR=50.00,95%CI:3.85-137.81 for very poor health)exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of actively seeking out health information(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion The primary influencing factors on the voluntary behavior of health information acquisition among food delivery workers are their chronic disease status and recent self-assessment of health.Expanding the channels for accessing health information,utilizing new media communication,and diversifying communication formats can effectively promote the development of food delivery workers's behavior in acquiring health information.