用于收集低品位热的热电化学电池研究进展

Research progress in thermo-electrochemical cells for harvesting low-grade waste heat

低品位热(<150℃)是一种丰富且广泛存在的可持续能源,但也存在分布弥散、利用率低的特点.因此,开发高效且经济的低品位热回收技术对于能源的利用有着重要的意义.近年来,一种新型的低成本低品位热富集体系——热电化学电池逐渐兴起,并引起研究者极大的兴趣.基于此,本综述详细总结了近十年来关于热电化学电池这一新兴能源富集体系的研究进展.本文首先介绍了热电化学电池的组成及工作原理,然后探讨了现有电池装置的主要设计类型;接着,针对如何提升电池体系的温度系数(Se)和功率密度(P),详细讨论了电解液和电极材料的研究进展;最后,介绍了电池体系在面向实际应用时的组装及设备集成方法,并展望了该研究领域未来所面临的机遇和挑战.

Low-grade waste heat(below 150℃)is an abundant and widely available sustainable energy resource,but it also has the drawbacks of dispersed distribution and low utilization efficiency.Therefore,developing efficient and economical low-grade heat recovery technologies is of great significance for energy utilization.Recently,a novel low-cost and low-grade heat recovery system,thermo-electrochemical cell,has gradually emerged and attracted great research interest.Based on this,this review comprehensively summarized the research progress in thermo-electrochemical cells in the recent decade.Firstly,we introduced the construction and working principles of current thermo-electrochemical cells.Then,we discussed the primarily designed device types for the cells.Subsequently,we discussed the detailed research progress in electrolytes and electrode materials for the cells,which are based on improving the thermal power(Se)and power density(P)of the systems.Finally,we carefully discussed the assembly and equipment integration methods of the cell system for practical applications,and the future opportunities and challenges in this research field.