急性代谢性酸中毒的病因识别及管理

Identification and management of the etiology of acute metabolic acidosis

代谢性酸中毒是临床常见的酸碱失衡,根据酸中毒发生发展的时间,可进一步分为急性和慢性代谢性酸中毒。急性代谢性酸中毒在重症患者中更为常见,其病因复杂多样,也可作为其他疾病的严重并发症。急性代谢性酸中毒可累及多个器官和系统,严重者可危及生命。准确识别病因,采取及时有效的手段进行干预,可降低重症患者不良事件的发生率。文章从临床的角度总结急性代谢性酸中毒的原因及其管理情况,以期为临床急性代谢性酸中毒的诊治提供思路。

Metabolic acidosis is a common clinical acid-base imbalance.According to the time of occurrence and development of acidosis,it can be further divided into acute and chronic metabolic acidosis.Acute metabolic acidosis is relatively more common in severe patients,and its etiology is complex and diverse,and it can also appear as a serious complication of other diseases.Acute metabolic acidosis can involve multiple organs and systems,and can be lifethreatening in severe cases.Accurate identification of etiology and effective intervention can reduce the incidence of adverse events in severe patients.The purpose of this article is to summarize the etiology and management of acute metabolic acidosis from clinical perspectives,in order to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute metabolic acidosis.