中空电极钛渣电弧炉内电弧特性的模拟

Simulation of arc characteristics in a titanium slag EAF with hollow electrode

钛渣电弧炉内电弧特性对炉料融化以及还原过程具有重要影响。采用流体力学耦合电磁场的方法,建立了钛渣电弧炉内电弧区域的数学模型,对电弧区内的多物理场进行了模拟,研究了中空电极对电弧区域内的流场、温度场及电磁场的影响,并对比分析了实心电极与中空电极的差异。结果表明,与实心电极相比,中空电极的温度场仍呈“钟罩型”分布,但由于洛伦兹力和压力导致中空区域附近出现较大的负速度,阻碍了中空电极处的进料。进一步研究发现,中空电极内径的大小会影响电弧区域电流密度分布,继而决定了洛伦兹力和压力的分布特征,揭示了中空电极对电弧特性的影响机制。

The arc characteristics inside the titanium slag electric arc furnace(EAF)play a crucial role in the melting and reduction of furnace materials.In this study,a method combining fluid mechanics and electromagnetic field was employed to establish a mathematical model for the arc region inside the EAF.Multiple physical fields(flow field,temperature field,and electromagnetic field)within the arc region were simulated to investigate the influence of the hollow electrode.The results show that compared to the solid electrode,the temperature and flow field of the hollow electrode still exhibit a"bellshaped"distribution.However,due to the Lorentz force and pressure,significantly larger negative velocities appear near the hollow region,hindering the feeding process at the hollow electrode.Furthermore,research shows that the inner diameter of the hollow electrode affects the current density distribution in the arc region,and then determines the distribution characteristics of the Lorentz force and pressure,which reveals the influence mechanism of the hollow electrode on the arc characteristics.