北京市朝阳区2014—2023年性病门诊就诊者艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

Analysis of Sentinel Surveillance Results of AIDS Among STD Outpatients in Chaoyang District,Beijing,2014-2023

目的分析北京市朝阳区2014—2023年性病门诊就诊者艾滋病哨点监测结果,了解该人群艾滋病流行状况,分析艾滋病流行趋势,为艾滋病干预措施及效果评价提供依据。方法对2014—2023年艾滋病哨点监测期内,4家医疗机构性病门诊就诊者进行问卷调查,采集静脉血样进行HIV抗体及梅毒血清学检测。结果2014—2023年朝阳区性病门诊就诊者共监测16308人,平均年龄33~35岁;以男性、在婚为主;外省户籍为主,本地居住时间以1年以上为主;文化程度以大专或以上为主。2014—2023年知晓率均在90%以上。2014—2023年朝阳区性病门诊就诊者共监测16308人,发现HIV抗体阳性者364例,阳性率为2.23%。2019—2022年HIV抗体阳性率出现下降,为1.82%;2023年阳性率为2.52%。梅毒ELISA和RPR/TRUST均阳性者1240例,阳性率为7.60%,梅毒阳性率在新冠疫情期间未出现过明显变化。就诊者中男性HIV抗体阳性率和梅毒阳性率均高于女性,男性就诊者中发生过同性肛交性行为的HIV抗体阳性率和梅毒阳性率均高于未发生过的。开展艾滋病哨点监测的4所医疗机构,有1所为北京市艾滋病定点治疗医院,该医院性病门诊就诊者HIV抗体阳性率和梅毒阳性率均高于其他3所非定点治疗医院。结论要加强医疗机构尤其是艾滋病定点治疗医院性病门诊宣传力度,对男男性行为者开展针对性行为指导,使其建立安全意识,从根本上预防高危行为的发生,降低艾滋病阳性率,有效控制艾滋病经高危人群传播到普通人群。

Objective To analyze the AIDS sentinel surveillance results of STD outpatients in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2014 to 2023,understand the AIDS epidemic situation of this population,analyze the AIDS epidemic trend,and provide basis for AIDS intervention measures and effect evaluation.Methods During the AIDS sentinel surveillance period from 2014 to 2023,STD outpatients from four medical institutions were investigated with questionnaires,and venous blood samples were collected for HIV antibody and syphilis serological tests.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 16308 sexually transmitted disease outpatient patients were monitored in Chaoyang District,with an average age of 33 to 35 years old;Mainly male and in marriage;Registered residence of other provinces is the main,but the local residence time is more than one year;Having a high level of education,mainly with a college degree or above.The awareness rate was over 90%from 2014 to 2023.From 2014 to 2023,a total of 16308 sexually transmitted disease outpatient patients in Chaoyang District were monitored,and 364 cases were found to be HIV antibody positive,with a positive rate of 2.23%.The HIV antibody positivity rate decreased from 2019 to 2022,at 1.82%;The positive rate in 2023 was 2.52%.1240 cases were both positive for syphilis ELISA and RPR/TRUST,with a positive rate of 7.60%.The positive rate of syphilis did not change significantly during the COVID-19 epidemic.The HIV antibody positivity rate and syphilis positivity rate among male patients are higher than those among females,and the HIV antibody positivity rate and syphilis positivity rate among male patients who have engaged in same-sex anal sex are higher than those who have not.One of the four medical institutions that carried out AIDS sentinel surveillance was a designated AIDS treatment hospital in Beijing.The HIV antibody positive rate and syphilis positive rate of STD clinic patients in this hospital were higher than those in the other three non designated treatment hospitals.Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of medical institutions,especially the STD clinics of AIDS designated treatment hospitals,and carry out targeted sexual behavior guidance for men who have sex with men,so that they can establish safety awareness,fundamentally prevent the occurrence of high-risk behaviors,reduce the positive rate of AIDS,and effectively control the spread of AIDS through high-risk groups to the general population.