行政公益诉讼在个人信息保护领域的实践困境及完善

Practical Dilemma and Improvement of Administrative Public Interest Litigation in the Field of Personal Information Protection

数字时代个人信息的流通会带来巨大的经济效益,但是同时科技的进步也增强了信息泄露的风险。如何更好地维护个人信息安全迫在眉睫,然而我国现有个人信息保护制度存在一定问题,大规模侵害个人信息权利的现象越发严重以至于损害了社会公共利益。个人信息本身所具有的复杂性也使得针对个人信息的保护涉及公私法多个领域,因而对个人信息的保护路径也应进行多元化开拓。作为检察机关履行法律监督职能的重要组成部分,行政公益诉讼具有纠正行政机关的违法行为、督促其履行职责、促进多方联合并及时有效保护个人信息权益的功能,所以探索完善个人信息保护行政公益诉讼制度能够更好地满足个人信息领域利益保护的高需求高标准。通过研究最高人民检察院发布的个人信息保护公益诉讼典型案例,在现有的司法实践有益探索的基础上,分析个人信息保护行政公益诉讼面临的困境,并以此阐述个人信息保护行政公益诉讼的制度完善建议。

The circulation of personal information in the digital age will bring great economic benefits,but at the same time,technological progress has also enhanced the risk of information leakage.It is urgent to better safeguard the security of personal information,however,there are certain problems in the existing personal information protection system in China,and the phenomenon of largescale infringement of personal information rights has become more and more serious and even jeopardized the public interests of the society.The complexity of personal information itself makes the protection of personal information involve many fields of public and private law,and thus the protection of personal information should be diversified.As an important part of the legal supervision function performed by the procuratorate,administrative public interest litigation has the function of correcting the illegal behavior of administrative organs,urging them to perform their duties,promoting multi-party alliance,and protecting the rights and interests of personal information in a timely and effective manner,therefore,exploring and improving the administrative public interest litigation system for the protection of personal information can better satisfy the high demand and standard for the protection of the interests in the field of personal information.By studying the typical cases of personal information protection public interest litigation issued by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate,and on the basis of the useful exploration of the existing judicial practice,we analyze the dilemmas faced by the personal information protection administrative public interest litigation,and then elaborate on the suggestions for the improvement of the system of administrative public interest litigation for personal information protection.