离婚经济补偿的适用困境与完善路径

The Application Dilemma and Improvement Path of Economic Compensation for Divorce

相较于《婚姻法》第40条,《民法典》第1088条进一步保障了对夫妻双方贡献评价的实质平等。但是通过对2022至2023年的77宗离婚经济补偿案件的裁判文书进行梳理发现,离婚经济补偿制度在适用时还存在着举证难、承担较多义务的评判标准不明、经济补偿的数额计算标准不统一等困境。应当从适当放宽补偿请求权行使期限、合理分配举证责任、统一补偿数额标准等方面完善该制度,从而达到最大限度维护承担较多义务一方利益的目的。

Compared to Article 40 of the Marriage Law,Article 1088 of the Civil Code further guarantees substantive equality in evaluating the contributions of both spouses.However,through sorting out the judgment documents of 77 divorce economic compensation cases from 2022 to 2023,it was found that the divorce economic compensation system still faces difficulties in providing evidence,unclear evaluation criteria for assuming more obligations,and inconsistent calculation standards for the amount of economic compensation when applied.The system should be improved by appropriately relaxing the exercise period of the right to claim compensation,reasonably allocating the burden of proof,and unifying the standard of compensation amount,in order to maximize the protection of the interests of the party who bears more obligations.