Fe-Mn-Al-C系奥氏体基低密度钢使役性能研究进展

Research Situation of Service Performance of Fe-Mn-Al-C Austenitic Low Density Steel

双碳战略催生轻量化材料和技术的蓬勃发展。作为最重要的结构材料之一,钢铁材料在国民经济发展中扮演重要角色。Fe-Mn-Al-C系钢具备优异的轻量化特征、耐腐蚀性、机械强度(抗拉强度600~2000 MPa)和塑性(伸长率30%~100%)匹配,引起国内外极大关注。其中,奥氏体基低密度钢在综合性能和加工方面具有显著优势,是汽车、交通、军事等领域结构件极具潜力的轻量化先进钢铁材料。对近年来国内外发表的Fe-Mn-Al-C系低密度钢典型使役性能进行总结和分析,着重聚焦其作为结构件应用中的“基本力学性能、加工成形性能和重要服役性能”等方面,综述Fe-Mn-Al-C系奥氏体基低密度钢使役过程中的力学行为、变形特征以及冲击、疲劳和腐蚀等使役评价,归纳阻碍该类钢作为结构件工业应用仍需突破的科学与技术问题,提出未来提高奥氏体基Fe-Mn-Al-C系低密度钢使役性能的重点方向和研究路径,以期为奥氏体基低密度钢作为结构件应用研究提供参考。

The“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals”strategy has led to the vigorous development of lightweight materials and technologies.As one of the most important structural materials,steels play an important role in the development of national economy.Fe-Mn-Al-C steels attracts more attention of scholars both at home and abroad due to its high-density reductions,high corrosion resistance,high strength(tensile strength 600-2000 MPa)and high plasticity(elongation 30%-100%).In particular,the austenitic low-density steel allow advantages in comprehensive performance and formability,which is considered to be a potential material for structural parts in automotive,transportation,military and other fields.The recent progress on the typical service properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel,which are of particular importance in the automotive industry,is critically reviewed.And basic mechanical properties,machining and forming properties and important service performance of the austenitic low-density steel are mainly discussed.The mechanical behavior,deformation characteristics and service performance Evaluation about impact,fatigue,and corrosion of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel is summarized by classification.At last,the scientific and technological issues,which still need to be broken through in the industrial application of this type of steel as structural components,have been induced,and the key directions and research paths for improving the service performance of austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel in the future have been proposed.