基于搅拌摩擦加工技术的镁基复合材料研究进展

Research Progress of Magnesium Matrix Composites Based on Friction Stir Processing

镁与镁合金具有密度较小、比强度高和易加工等优点,随着科技水平的不断进步,航空航天等领域对镁合金的性能要求越来越高,镁基复合材料的发展与研究日益受到高度重视。而搅拌摩擦加工技术(Friction stir processing,FSP)由于具有低成本、高效率与绿色节能等独特优势,在航空航天与汽车等领域有着广阔的应用前景,已成为复合材料制造领域热门研究之一。近年来国内外研究人员尝试通过搅拌摩擦加工技术对不同类型的增强体与镁合金进行加工从而制备出了许多性能优异的复合材料。目前,主要增强体分为颗粒、纤维、石墨烯等,针对镁基复合材料搅拌摩擦加工的国内外研究进展展开综述,对适用于镁基复合材料的搅拌摩擦加工技术及其基础问题研究、加工工艺对复合材料组织与性能的影响等方面的重要研究成果进行举例和分析,进一步提出了镁基复合材料搅拌摩擦加工技术研究的发展方向,以期为搅拌摩擦技术在镁基材料加工领域的研究和应用发展起到指导作用。

Magnesium and its alloys have the advantages of low density,high specific strength and easy processing.With the continuous progress of science and technology,the performance requirements of magnesium alloys in aerospace and other fields are getting higher and higher,the development and research of magnesium matrix composites have been paid more and more attention.Friction stir processing(FSP)has become one of the most popular research in the composites preparation due to its unique advantages such as low cost,high efficiency and green energy saving,which has a broad application in aerospace,automobile manufacturing,and so on.Recently,researchers at home and abroad have prepared many magnesium matrix composites with excellent properties through the combination of different types of reinforcement and magnesium alloys via FSP.At present,the main reinforcements consist of particle,fiber,graphene,etc.The research progress of friction stir processing of magnesium matrix composites at home and abroad was reviewed,some important research results about the FSP of magnesium matrix composites and its basic problems were illustrated and analyzed,as well as the effects of processing parameters on microstructure and properties of the composites.The research orientation and prospect of magnesium matrix composites via FSP are further proposed,in order to provide guidance for the research and application of FSP technology in the field of magnesium matrix materials.