群组管理干预对冠心病长期抗血小板治疗患者依从性及知识掌握度的影响

Effect of Group Management Intervention on Compliance and Knowledge Mastery of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after Long-term Antiplatelet Therapy

目的:探究群组管理干预对冠心病长期抗血小板治疗患者依从性及知识掌握度的影响。方法:选取2021年3月—2023年8月在麻城市人民医院接受冠心病长期抗血小板治疗的103例患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分组:对照组51例患者接受常规护理,研究组52例患者在对照组的基础上接受群组管理干预。对两组的生活质量、治疗依从性、知识掌握程度、心理状况及预后情况进行分析比较。结果:干预前,两组健康调查简表(SF-36)各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组SF-36评分均较干预前升高,且研究组得分更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗依从率为86.54%(45/52),高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组的抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组心理状况均改善,SDS、SAS及SPBS评分均较治疗前降低,且研究组得分均更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组在疾病概念、病因、治疗、诊断及症状情况等疾病知识掌握方面的评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组心肌梗死、心衰、心绞痛及再次血运重建的发生率(11.54%,6/52)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:群组管理干预在提高患者生活质量、治疗依从性、心理状况和知识掌握度方面表现出积极效果,并有助于降低不良事件的发生率。

Objective:To explore the effect of group management intervention on compliance and knowledge mastery of patients with coronary heart disease after long-term antiplatelet therapy.Method:A total of 103 patients receiving long-term antiplatelet therapy for coronary heart disease in People's Hospital of Macheng City from March 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the study objects,and the patients were divided into the following groups by random number table method:51 patients in the control group received routine nursing,and 52 patients in the study group received group management intervention on the basis of the control group.The quality of life,treatment compliance,knowledge mastery,psychological status and prognosis of the two groups were analyzed and compared.Result:Before intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in all dimensions of the MOS item short form health survey(SF-36)scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after intervention,the SF-36 scores of both groups increased compared to those before intervention,and the scores of the study group were higher,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The treatment compliance rate of the study group was 86.54%(45/52),which was higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there were no differences in self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)score and selfperceived burden scale(SPBS)score between two groups(P>0.05);after intervention,the psychological status of both groups were improved,SDS,SAS and SPBS scores were decreased compared to those before intervention,and the scores of the study group were lower,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of mastery of disease concept,etiology,treatment,diagnosis and symptoms in the study group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of myocardial infarction,heart failure,angina pectoris and revascularization in the study group(11.54%,6/52)was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Group management interventions has shown positive effects in improving patients'quality of life,treatment compliance,psychological status,and knowledge mastery,and helps to reduce the incidence of adverse events.