饲料中添加黄芪多糖对罗氏沼虾生长、免疫性能和抗病力的影响

Effects of dietary Astragalus polysaccharide supplementationon growth, immune function, and disease resistance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

试验旨在探究黄芪多糖对罗氏沼虾生长性能、免疫能力和抗病力的影响。选取1 920尾体重为(1.08±0.04) g的尾罗氏沼虾,随机分为6个处理组,每组设置4个重复,每个重复80尾虾。对照组(CON组)投喂基础饲料,试验组在基础饲料中分别添加0.1%(0.1%APS组)、0.2%(0.2%APS组)、0.3%(0.3%APS组)、0.4%(0.4%APS组)和0.5%(0.5%APS组)黄芪多糖。试验期60 d。结果显示,与CON组相比,0.3%APS组罗氏沼虾的增重率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05),0.3%、0.4%和0.5%APS组罗氏沼虾的饵料系数显著降低(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,0.4%、0.5%APS组可显著提高罗氏沼虾溶菌酶活性(P<0.05)。0.3%、0.4%和0.5%APS组罗氏沼虾血清碱性磷酸酶、肠道胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。使用嗜水气单胞菌攻毒7 d后,0.3%、0.4%和0.5%APS组罗氏沼虾累计死亡率显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。研究表明,黄芪多糖对罗氏沼虾的生长、免疫、消化酶活性和抗病力有积极作用,且推荐的添加水平为0.3%。

The experiment was performed to investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide supplementation on the growth,immune function,and disease resistance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.A total of 1920 shrimp with the weight of(1.08±0.04)g were randomly assigned to six groups with four replicates per group and 80 shrimp per replicate.The control group(CON group)was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.1%(0.1%APS group),0.2%(0.2%APS group),0.3%(0.3%APS group),0.4%(0.4%APS group),and 0.5%(0.5%APS group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed that compared with the CON group,0.3%APS group significantly increased the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii(P<0.05),while the feed coefficient was significantly decreased in 0.3%APS group,0.4%APS group,and 0.5%APS group(P<0.05).Compared with the CON group,the serum lysozyme activity of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was significantly increased in 0.4%APS group and 0.5%APS group(P<0.05).The serum alkaline phosphatase,intestinal trypsin and lipase activities of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were significantly greater in 0.3%APS group,0.4%APS group,and 0.5%APS group compared to the CON group(P<0.05).After seven days of Aeromonas hydrophila challenge,the cumulative mortality of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in 0.3%APS group,0.4%APS group,and 0.5%APS group was significantly lower than that in CON group(P<0.05).The study indicates that the growth,immunity,digestive enzyme activity,and disease resistance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were positively influenced by Astragalus polysaccharide,and the recommended supplemental level is 0.3%.