代谢组学在反刍动物生产中的研究进展

Research progress of metabolomics in ruminant production

代谢组学作为一项广泛应用于生物研究领域的技术,已在反刍动物研究中展现出了重要性。该技术使研究人员能够检测反刍动物机体产生的代谢产物,并深入分析这些代谢产物与动物表型之间的关系,为反刍动物的营养、育种和疾病等方面的研究提供全面而有力的支持。在反刍动物的营养研究中,代谢组学可用于评估不同饲料加工工艺和不同营养水平对代谢产物的影响。另外,在反刍动物饲养方式的研究中,代谢组学技术可以检测不同饲养方式,如放牧和舍饲对代谢产物的影响,这有助于了解饲养方式对反刍动物生理和代谢的影响。在反刍动物疾病研究中,代谢组学可用于比较患病动物和健康动物以及易感和不易感动物之间的代谢差异,这有助于鉴别潜在的生物标志物,提供早期疾病诊断和治疗的线索。在反刍动物育种研究中,代谢组学技术可用于评估母畜的产仔数、公畜睾丸大小和精子质量等方面的代谢变化,这些信息有助于选择具有良好遗传特性的动物,以提高育种效率。文章主要综述代谢组学在反刍动物生产中的研究进展,包括营养、饲养方式、疾病和育种等方面,探讨代谢组学研究的优势,为未来在反刍动物研究中更广泛地运用代谢组学技术提供参考。

Metabolomics,as a technology widely used in biological research,has shown its importance in ruminant research.This technology enables researchers to detect the metabolites produced by ruminants and deeply analyze the relationship between these metabolites and animal phenotype,which provides comprehensive and powerful support for the research on nutrition,breeding,and diseases of ruminants.In the nutritional research of ruminants,metabolomics can be used to evaluate the effects of different feed processing technologies and different nutritional levels on metabolites.In addition,in the study of ruminant feeding methods,metabolomics technology can detect the effects of different feeding methods,such as grazing and house feeding,on metabolites,which helps us to understand the effects of feeding methods on ruminant physiology and metabolism.In the study of ruminant diseases,metabolomics can be used to compare the metabolic differences between sick animals and healthy animals,as well as susceptible and insensitive animals,which is helpful to identify potential biomarkers and provide clues for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.In the research of ruminant breeding,metabolomics can be used to evaluate the metabolic changes in litter size of female animals,testicular size of male animals and sperm quality.This information helps to select animals with good genetic characteristics and improve breeding efficiency.This paper reviews the research progress of metabonomics in ruminant production,including nutrition,feeding methods,diseases and breeding,and discusses the advantages of metabonomics research,so as to provide reference for the wider application of metabonomics technology in ruminant research in the future.