微小RNA在胰腺炎中的研究进展

Research Progress of microRNA in Pancreatitis

微小RNA(miRNA)是一类非编码RNA,在调节基因表达中发挥重要作用,平均长度为22个核苷酸,广泛表达在不同物种中,在受体细胞中发挥生物学功能,调控其活性,从而充当细胞间信号分子。这一特征在胰腺腺泡和导管细胞、免疫细胞和胰腺星状细胞之间的信号转导中至关重要,对于急性胰腺炎及慢性胰腺炎的发生发展具有重要作用。单个miRNA可以调节多个靶点的表达,从而为治疗干预提供有效的机制。此外,miRNA调节细胞因子和趋化因子的表达及细胞增殖、组织重塑、迁移,从而调节胰腺纤维化的发展。在胰腺和胰腺炎中共筛选出40个和13个差异表达的miRNA。目前关于miRNA在胰腺炎中的表达及作用研究较多,miRNA对于成为胰腺炎临床实用性的血清或组织特异性生物标志物具有相当大的前景。

microRNA(miRNA)are a type of non coding RNA that play an important role in regulating gene expression,with an average length of 22 nucleotides.They are widely expressed in different species and play biological functions in receptor cells,regulating their activity,and thus acting as intercellular signaling molecules.This feature is crucial in signal transduction between pancreatic acinar and ductal cells,immune cells,and pancreatic stellate cells,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute and chronic pancreatitis.A single miRNA can regulate the expression of multiple targets,providing an effective mechanism for therapeutic intervention.In addition,miRNA regulates the expression of cytokines and chemokines,as well as cell proliferation,tissue remodeling,and migration,thereby regulating the development of pancreatic fibrosis.A total of 40 and 13 differentially expressed miRNA were screened in the pancreas and pancreatitis.At present,there are many studies on the expression and role of miRNA in pancreatitis,and miRNA has great potential as a serum or tissue specific biomarker for clinical application in pancreatitis.