莫高窟第332窟造像思想探究——基于“三世佛+涅槃经变”组合的视角观察

A Probe into the Idea of Statues in Cave 332 of Mogao Grottoes ——Based on the Perspective of the Combination of“Three Buddhas+Nirvana Sutra”

莫高窟第332窟是敦煌李氏家族开凿的“原创性”洞窟,窟中涅槃经变和前室中心塔柱前的三世佛造像,可能是受到了龟兹石窟佛教造像的影响,原因或与长寿元年(692)王孝杰收复安西四镇有关。“三世佛+涅槃经变”的造像组合,一方面显示出敦煌李氏家族在开凿洞窟上的引领潮流作用,另一方面也是对武则天称帝的歌颂。

Cave 332 of Magao grottoes is an"original"cave excavated by the LI family at Dunhuang.The Nirvana Sutra variation in the back room of the cave and the statue of the Three Buddhas in front of the central tower pillar in the front room may have been influenced by the Buddhist statue of the Qiuci Grottoes,and the idea of the statue may be related to the recovery of the four towns of Anxi by WANG Xiaojie in the first year of his longevity(692).The combination of"Three Buddhas+Nirvana Sutra"shows the LI family's trend-setting role in opening the caves at Dunhuang on the one hand,and the glorification of WU Zetian's reign on the other.