基因工程菌药物递送系统在精准医疗中的研究进展

Advances in genetically engineered bacteria-based drug delivery systems for precision medicine

人体体表与体内存在大量共生微生物,微生物菌群与人类疾病发生、发展密切相关。随着合成生物学的发展,利用基因工程菌药物递送系统助力微生物-宿主互作机制探索以及疾病治疗成为研究热点。基因工程菌是基因工程改造后具有高效生产目标产物能力的微生物。通过理性设计治疗靶点和药物递送基因回路,构建的基因工程菌可实现肠道或肿瘤等部位的精准靶向给药。本文对基因工程菌药物递送的三个关键特征,即药物分子、药物释放方式以及智能响应体系进行了综述,讨论了其在临床应用中需要应对的挑战,并展望了基因工程活体药物的发展前景。

The human body harbors a vast array of symbiotic microorganisms on both its external and internal surfaces,and the interplay between microbial communities and the onset and progression of human diseases is intricately intertwined.With the advancement of synthetic biology,the utilization of drug delivery system based on genetically engineered bacteria has emerged as a catalyst for the exploration of microbe-host interactions and disease treatment.Genetically engineered microbes refer to microorganisms that have undergone genetic modifications,endowing them with the ability to efficiently produce desired products.By designing therapeutic targets and drug delivery gene circuits,genetically engineered microbes can achieve precision drug delivery to specific sites such as the intestinal tract or tumors.This paper provides a comprehensive review of three pivotal features associated with genetically engineered bacteria-based drug delivery systems:therapeutic molecules,delivery mechanisms,and intelligent response systems.Challenges encountered in clinical applications are discussed,and the future prospects of genetically engineered living drugs are contemplated.